ArticleOncoTargets and therapy2018
Impact of smoking on efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a meta-analysis.
Article in OncoTargets and therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Efficacy of Atezolizumab for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Based on Clinical and Molecular Features: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Inhibitors of PD-1 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical and Molecular Features.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Smokers or non-smokers: who benefits more from immune checkpoint inhibitors in treatment of malignancies? An up-to-date meta-analysis.World journal of surgical oncology · 2020Pooled it
- Lung Cancer in Never-Smokers: Risk Factors, Driver Mutations, and Therapeutic Advances.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Finding a needle in a haystack: functional screening for novel targets in cancer immunology and immunotherapies.Oncogene · 2025Review
- [Gender medicine in lung diseases].Chirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- PD-L1 expression and its significance in advanced NSCLC: real-world experience from a tertiary care center.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- Identification and validation of the nicotine metabolism-related signature of bladder cancer by bioinformatics and machine learning.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Expression of PD-L1 in Lung Carcinoma and Its Correlation with Histopathological Grade, Stage, and Survival of Patients.Journal of laboratory physicians · 2023Article
- The immunopeptidome landscape associated with T cell infiltration, inflammation and immune editing in lung cancer.Nature cancer · 2023Article
- Role of sex and sex hormones in PD-L1 expression in NSCLC: clinical and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- AIM2 upregulation promotes metastatic progression and PD-L1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma.Cancer science · 2023Article
- Alpha5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mediated immune escape of lung adenocarcinoma via STAT3/Jab1-PD-L1 signalling.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2022Article
- The α5-nAChR/PD-L1 axis facilitates lung adenocarcinoma cell migration and invasion.Human cell · 2022Article
- Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals Exceptionally High Rates of Molecular Driver Mutations in Never-Smokers With Lung Adenocarcinoma.The oncologist · 2022Article
- Association Between Smoking History and Overall Survival in Patients Receiving Pembrolizumab for First-Line Treatment of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Risk Stratification and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Late Recurrence of Melanoma (>10 Years).Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Relationship between Patients' Baseline Characteristics and Survival Benefits in Immunotherapy-Treated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of oncology · 2022Review
- The Role of Gut Microbiota in Overcoming Resistance to Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Patients: Mechanisms and Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSmoking status is associated with the efficacy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. Latest clinical trials have depicted the difference in the effectiveness of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in smokers and nonsmokers. However, the lack of statistical power in these trials prevented a final conclusion. The authors postulated that the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors correlated with smoking status. MATERIALS AND
methodsClinical trials evaluating PD-1 inhibitors versus chemotherapies in smokers and nonsmokers were included. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were used.
resultsA total of 1,981 patients from three Phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors significantly prolonged the OS (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.60-0.78) and PFS (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.43-0.67;
conclusionPD-1 inhibitors were more efficacious in smoking NSCLC patients compared with chemotherapy. No better survival of nonsmoking patients was observed in the treatment of PD-1 inhibitors than chemotherapy. Difference in the efficacy of PD-1 treatment should be taken into consideration in the future guidelines and clinical practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.