ReviewPediatric research2018
Caffeine: an evidence-based success story in VLBW pharmacotherapy.
Review in Pediatric research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Clinical efficacy of different maintenance doses of caffeine citrate in the treatment of apnea of prematurity.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Caffeine use in preterm neonates: national insights into Turkish NICU practices.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Protective Effects of Early Neonatal Methylxanthine Treatment on Cognitive and Language Outcomes in Premature Infants with and without High-Risk Perinatal Factors.Developmental neuroscience · 2025Article
- Apnea of Prematurity and Oxidative Stress: Potential Implications.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- A phase I trial of caffeine to evaluate safety in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Article
- Caffeine versus other methylxanthines for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- What do we know about the sleep effects of caffeine used to treat apnoea of prematurity? A systematic review of the literature.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2023Review
- A two-center retrospective study: association of early caffeine administration and oxygen radical diseases in neonatology in Chinese preterm neonates.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- The associations between caffeine treatment and common preterm morbidities: a retrospective cohort analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- [Recent research on gene polymorphisms related to caffeine therapy in preterm infants with apnea of prematurity].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2022Review
- Clinical effect of different maintenance doses of caffeine citrate in the treatment of preterm infants requiring assisted ventilation: a pilot multicenter study.Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2022Article
- Precision caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity and circadian rhythms: New possibilities open up.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Specific Premature Groups Have Better Benefits When Treating Apnea With Caffeine Than Aminophylline/Theophylline.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Immature control of breathing and apnea of prematurity: the known and unknown.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Review
- Encephalopathy in Preterm Infants: Advances in Neuroprotection With Caffeine.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Review
- Article
- Discharging Preterm Infants Home on Caffeine, a Single Center Experience.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Caffeine prevents prostaglandin EAmerican journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2020Article
- Mechanistic actions of oxygen and methylxanthines on respiratory neural control and for the treatment of neonatal apnea.Respiratory physiology & neurobiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is a common and pervasive problem in very low birth weight infants. Methylxanthines were reported >40 years ago to be an effective therapy and, by the early 2000s, caffeine had become the preferred methylxanthine because of its wide therapeutic index, excellent bioavailability, and longer half-life. A clinical trial to address unresolved questions and toxicity concerns, completed in 2004, confirmed significant benefits of caffeine therapy, including shorter duration of intubation and respiratory support, reduced incidence of chronic lung disease, decreased need for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus, reduced severity of retinopathy of prematurity, and improved motor and visual function. Cohort studies have now further delineated the benefits of initiation of therapy before 3 days postnatal age, and of higher maintenance doses to achieve incremental beneficial effects. This review summarizes the pivotal and in particular the most recent studies that have established the safety and efficacy of caffeine therapy for AOP and other respiratory and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Caffeine has a very favorable benefit-to-risk ratio, and has become one of the most prescribed and cost-effective pharmacotherapies in the NICU.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.