SynthesisClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2019
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Adults in Asia: An Analysis of National Income Level on Incidence and Etiology.
Synthesis in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06395454 (Procalcitonin as a Sepsis Biomarker in Guiding Antibiotics Treatment Duration in Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Neuro-ICU), which is not on this map. Cited by 68 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Procalcitonin as a Sepsis Biomarker in Guiding Antibiotics Treatment Duration in Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Neuro-ICU: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Probiotic in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients: evidence from meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized clinical trials.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Evidence Map and Systematic Review of Disinfection Efficacy on Environmental Surfaces in Healthcare Facilities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical ventilation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Ventilator-associated pneumonia among ICU patients in WHO Southeast Asian region: A systematic review.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of clove mouthwash on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit patients: a comparative randomized triple-blind clinical trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Trial
- Effectiveness of Continuous Endotracheal Cuff Pressure Control for the Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Respiratory Infections: An Open-Label Randomized, Controlled Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Trial
- Efficacy and safety of the point-of-care procalcitonin test for determining the antibiotic treatment duration in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in the intensive care unit: a randomised controlled trial.Anaesthesiology intensive therapy · 2021Trial
- The incidence and outcomes of hospital acquired- bloodstream infection and ventilator associated pneumonia and the impact of infectious diseases referral using data from the clinically-oriented antimicrobial resistance surveillance network for healthcare-associated infections (ACORN-HAI): An interim report.New microbes and new infections · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Comparative analysis of ventilator-associated pneumonia and ventilator-associated event surveillance systems: a retrospective observational study.Journal of Korean biological nursing science · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Clinical Outcome Among Hospitalized Bacterial Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Indonesian Tertiary Hospital.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and Outcomes of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Saudi Arabian Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- [Risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with chest trauma in intensive care unit].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Chinese Adults: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases · 2026Article
- Fatal multi-drug-resistant gram-negative bacterial pneumonia among adults hospitalized àt Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda: an autopsy study.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2026Article
- Article
- Evidence-Based Practices to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in an Intensive Care Unit in Bangladesh.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Longitudinal analysis of lung microbiome, immune response, and metabolism in ventilator-associated pneumonia: a cohort study.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the commonest hospital-acquired infection (HAI) in intensive care. In Asia, VAP is increasingly caused by resistant gram-negative organisms. Despite the global antimicrobial resistance crisis, the epidemiology of VAP is poorly documented in Asia. Methods: We systematically reviewed literature published on Ovid Medline, Embase Classic, and Embase from 1 January 1990 to 17 August 2017 to estimate incidence, prevalence, and etiology of VAP. We performed a meta-analysis to give pooled rates and rates by country income level. Results: Pooled incidence density of VAP was high in lower- and upper-middle-income countries and lower in high-income countries (18.5, 15.2, and 9.0 per 1000 ventilator-days, respectively). Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 3687 [26%]) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 3176 [22%]) were leading causes of VAP; Staphylococcus aureus caused 14% (n = 1999). Carbapenem resistance was common (57.1%). Conclusions: VAP remains a common cause of HAI, especially in low- and middle-income countries, and antibiotic resistance is high.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.