Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29981100›Full record

ArticleCanadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique2018

Food sources among young people in five major Canadian cities.

Danielle Wiggers, Lana Vanderlee, Christine M White, Jessica L Reid, Leia Minaker, David Hammond

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Impact of Street Food Availability on Nutritional Intake and Diet-Related Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Systematic Review on International Salt Reduction Policy in Restaurants.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Cooking at Home: Correlates of Frequency and Intention in Fifth Graders.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Danielle WiggersSchool of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Lana VanderleeDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Christine M WhiteSchool of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Jessica L ReidSchool of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Leia MinakerSchool of Planning, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
David HammondSchool of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. dhammond@uwaterloo.ca.

Funding

CIHR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo examine food sources among young people in five major Canadian cities.

methodsAs part of the 2016 Canada Food Study, respondents aged 16-30 were recruited from five Canadian cities (Toronto, Montreal, Halifax, Edmonton, and Vancouver) using in-person intercept sampling and completed an online survey (n = 2840 retained for analysis). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize food preparation and purchase locations. A linear regression model was fitted to examine correlates of the proportion of meals that were ready-to-eat or prepared outside the home.

resultsIn total, 80% of meals were prepared at home and 20% were prepared outside the home. More than 25% of meals prepared at home were ready-to-eat/box food. Of all meals consumed, 42% were either ready-to-eat/box food prepared at home or prepared outside the home. Food for meals prepared at home was purchased predominantly at grocery stores/supercentres while meals prepared outside the home were purchased predominantly at fast food/quick service/coffee shop outlets. Respondents who were younger, identified as Aboriginal, had obesity, had no children, lived in residence at school, university, or college, and reported poorer cooking skills reported more meals that were ready-to-eat or prepared outside the home.

conclusionsThe current findings indicate that a substantial proportion of meals consumed by young people consist of meals either prepared outside the home or ready-to-eat/box food prepared at home. Dietary recommendations should highlight basic patterns of food preparation and eating, such as limiting ultra-processed food and food prepared outside the home.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultCanadaCitiesCommerceCookingFast FoodsFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultCookingDiet, food, and nutritionFast foodsNutrition policy

Identifiers

PMID29981100
PMCPMC6964439

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.