Observational studySleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2019
Risk of gallstones in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a nationwide observational cohort study.
Observational study in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of sleep disorder with increased risk of gallstone disease in adults in the United States: A cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017-2020).The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Evaluating the liver fibrosis and waist-to-height ratio(LFWHR) as a gallstone disease predictor: a nomogram model and SHAP analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Depressive symptoms mediate the association between sleep disorders and gallstone disease: a causal mediation analysis of NHANES 2017-2020.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Exploring the association between life's essential 8 and gallstone disease in the US adult population: a population-based study utilizing NHANES data from 2017-2018.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Obstructive sleep apnea and 19 gastrointestinal diseases: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo assess the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and gallstones.
methodsWe identified 3827 patients aged ≥ 20 years with OSA between 2000 and 2010 from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Research Database 2000 (LHID2000) as the study cohort. The beneficiaries without OSA were randomly selected and propensity-matched with the study cohort in a 1:1 ratio according to age; sex; occupation; urbanization; comorbidities of hypothyroidism, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, liver cirrhosis, alcohol-related illness, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, stroke, coronary artery disease (CAD), hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus; and the index year. All patients were followed until the end of 2011 or withdrawal from the National Health Insurance program to determine the incidence of gallstones.
resultsThe prevalence of OSA was higher in men (67.3%) and in patients younger than 49 years (57.0%; mean age 47.8 ± 15.1 years). The cumulative incidence of gallstones was higher in the OSA cohort than in the non-OSA cohort (log-rank test, P < 0.001). Compared with patients without OSA, those with OSA had an increased risk of gallstones (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.53, 95% confidence interval = 1.16-2.03) after adjustment for age, sex, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, COPD, stroke, and CAD.
conclusionThe study shows a strong association between OSA and gallstones. Moreover, our findings suggest the requirement for survey and health education for gallstones in OSA and further studies to verify whether the treatment of OSA can reduce the risk of gallstones.
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