ArticleWorld journal of microbiology & biotechnology2018
Biodegradation of chlorpropham and its major products by Bacillus licheniformis NKC-1.
Article in World journal of microbiology & biotechnology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Functionalized with Bisphenol A for Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction of 3-Chloroaniline from Water Matrices: Material Synthesis and Sorption Optimization.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Efficient Remediation ofNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Wide substrate range for a candidate bioremediation enzyme isolated from Nocardioides sp. strain SG-4 G.FEMS microbiology letters · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chlorpropham [isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate] (CIPC), an important phenyl carbamate herbicide, has been used as a plant growth regulator and potato sprout suppressant (Solanum tuberosum L) during long-term storage. A bacterium capable of utilizing the residual herbicide CIPC as a sole source of carbon and energy was isolated from herbicide-contaminated soil samples employing selective enrichment method. The isolated bacterial strain was identified as Bacillus licheniformis NKC-1 on the basis of its morphological, cultural, biochemical characteristics and also by phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The organism degraded CIPC through its initial hydrolysis by CIPC hydrolase enzyme to yield 3-chloroaniline (3-CA) as a major metabolic product. An inducible 3-CA dioxygenase not only catalyzes the incorporation of molecular oxygen but also removes the amino group by the deamination yielding a monochlorinated catechol. Further, degradation of 4-chlorocatechol proceeded via ortho- ring cleavage through the maleylacetate process. 3-Chloroaniline and 4-chlorocatechol are the intermediates in the CIPC degradation which suggested that dechlorination had occurred after the aromatic ring cleavage. The presence of these metabolites has been confirmed by using ultra-violet (UV), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), thin layer chromatography (TLC), Fourier transmission-infrared (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (
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