ArticleScientific reports2018
Undilated versus dilated monoscopic smartphone-based fundus photography for optic nerve head evaluation.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fundoscopy use in neurology departments and the utility of smartphone photography: a prospective prevalence and crossover diagnostic accuracy study amongst neurology inpatients.European journal of neurology · 2022Trial
- Home monitoring devices for glaucoma.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Exploring AI's Potential in Papilledema Diagnosis to Support Dermatological Treatment Decisions in Rural Healthcare.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- Curriculum Innovations: Implementation of a Targeted Longitudinal Rotation to Enhance Direct Ophthalmoscopy Learning for Neurology Residents.Neurology. Education · 2025Article
- Evaluating Fundoscopy as a Screening Tool for Optic Nerve Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis: An Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Comparative Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Application of smartphone ophthalmoscope in ophthalmic clinical practice and teaching.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Clinical Applications and Future Directions of Smartphone Fundus Imaging.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Smart Devices in Optometry: Current and Future Perspectives to Clinical Optometry.Clinical optometry · 2024Review
- Comparison of RetCam and Smartphone-Based Photography for Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Methods and Equipment for Aiding Automatic Glaucoma Tracking.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- [Technical and optical aspects of smartphone-based fundus photography : Possibilities and limitations in practice].Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft · 2022Review
- Developing portable widefield fundus camera for teleophthalmology: Technical challenges and potential solutions.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2022Article
- [Smartphone-based fundus imaging: applications and adapters].Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft · 2022Review
- Telehealth and Screening Strategies in the Diagnosis and Management of Glaucoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Learning curve evaluation upskilling retinal imaging using smartphones.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Multicenter, Head-to-Head, Real-World Validation Study of Seven Automated Artificial Intelligence Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Systems.Diabetes care · 2021Article
- Glaucoma Home Monitoring Using a Tablet-Based Visual Field Test (Eyecatcher): An Assessment of Accuracy and Adherence Over 6 Months.American journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Clinically useful smartphone ophthalmic imaging techniques.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Review
- Smartphone Ophthalmoscopy: is there a place for it?Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Smartphone-based fundus photography (SBFP) allows for a cheap and mobile fundus examination with the potential to revolutionize eye care especially in low income settings. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of pupil dilation on image quality in optic nerve head (ONH) imaging and vertical cup-to-disc ratio (vCDR) evaluation with SBFP. Eyes with glaucoma or suspected to have glaucoma were imaged with conventional digital fundus photography (CFP) and SBFP undilated and following dilation, all monoscopically. SBFP was possible in 74% of eyes without dilation and in 98% following dilation. Better image quality on SBFP was achieved with dilation and complete visualization of the optic disc rim was possible in 46% of images without dilation and on 94% of images with dilation. VCDR measurements on images obtained following dilation highly correlated with measurements on CFP (coefficient of correlation r = 0.91, p < 0.001), whereas vCDR on images obtained without dilation correlated less well with CFP (r = 0.70, p < 0.001). SBFP for ONH evaluation is promising, however dilation appears mandatory to achieve results comparable to optic disc evaluation on CFP. ONH imaging with smartphones without dilation might bear the risk of underestimating the CDR and hence overlooking patients at risk for glaucoma.
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Registered trials
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