ArticleBlood cancer journal2018
Disease and outcome disparities in multiple myeloma: exploring the role of race/ethnicity in the Cooperative Group clinical trials.
Article in Blood cancer journal, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase III, Randomized, Open-label, 3-arm Study to Determine the Efficacy and Safety of Lenalidomide(REVLIMID) Plus Low-dose Dexamethasone When Given Until Progressive Disease or for 18 Four-week Cycles Versus the Combination of Melphalan, Prednisone, and Thalidomide Given for 12 Six-week Cycles in Patients With Previously Untreated Multiple Myeloma Who Are Either 65 Years of Age or Older or Not Candidates for Stem Cell Transplantation.
Phase 3B, Randomized Trail of Revlimid® (Lenalidomide) Versus Placebo Maintenance Therapy Following Melphalan Prednisone Velcade (Bortezomib) Induction Therapy In Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disparities in Multiple Myeloma Treatment Patterns in the United States: A Systematic Review.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2023Pooled it
- Multiple drug combinations of bortezomib, lenalidomide, and thalidomide for first-line treatment in adults with transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Multiple Myeloma Biology but not Clinical Outcomes: Results from 3894 Patients in the Myeloma XI Trial.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2021Trial
- Pembrolizumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (KEYNOTE-183): subgroup analysis in Japanese patients.International journal of hematology · 2021Trial
- Overcoming Trial Exclusion: A Multicenter Analysis of Hemodialysis Multiple Myeloma Patients Who Underwent BCMA-Directed CAR-T Therapy.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Early Adherence to Immunomodulators in Multiple Myeloma: Retrospective Observations from a Safety-Net Hospital.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Analysis of Social Drivers of Health, Race, and Ethnicity With Survival in Myeloma Patients.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2026Article
- Racial disparities in multiple myeloma: biological heterogeneity, treatment access, and prognostic implications.Leukemia & lymphoma · 2026Review
- Unveiling Factors Associated With Older Adult Accrual to Cancer Clinical Trials: Lessons From the ECOG-ACRIN Experience.Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2025Article
- Temporal patterns in US population-based patient survival among adults treated with chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy for multiple myeloma, 2000-2020.British journal of haematology · 2025Article
- Comparison of outcomes by race among a population-based matched sample of multiple myeloma patients.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Addressing Health Disparities in Hematologic Malignancies: from Genes to Outreach.Blood cancer discovery · 2025Review
- Ancestral Differences in Anticancer Treatment Efficacy and Their Underlying Genomic and Molecular Alterations.Cancer discovery · 2025Article
- Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Multiple Myeloma: A Call to Action.Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology · 2024Review
- Multiple myeloma.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- "They don't care to study it": Trust, race, and health care experiences among patient-caregiver dyads with multiple myeloma.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Racial differences in treatment and survival among older patients with multiple myeloma.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Access to cancer clinical trials for racialised older adults: an equity-focused rapid scoping review protocol.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Racial and ethnic differences in clinical outcomes among patients with multiple myeloma treated with CAR T-cell therapy.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Impact of race and ethnicity on outcomes after autologous stem cell transplantation for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.Annals of hematology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy with disparities in outcomes noted among racial-ethnic subgroups, likely due to disparities in access to effective treatment modalities. Clinical trials can provide access to evidence-based medicine but representation of minorities on therapeutic clinical trials has been dismal. We evaluated the impact of patient race-ethnicity in pooled data from nine large national cooperative group clinical trials in newly diagnosed MM. Among 2896 patients enrolled over more than two decades, only 18% were non-White and enrollment of minorities actually decreased in most recent years (2002-2011). African-Americans were younger and had more frequent poor-risk markers, including anemia and increased lactate dehydrogenase. Hispanics had the smallest proportion of patients on trials utilizing novel therapeutic agents. While adverse demographic (increased age) and clinical (performance status, stage, anemia, kidney dysfunction) factors were associated with inferior survival, patient race-ethnicity did not have an effect on objective response rates, progression-free, or overall survival. While there are significant disparities in MM incidence and outcomes among patients of different racial-ethnic groups, this disparity seems to be mitigated by access to appropriate therapeutic options, for example, as offered by clinical trials. Improved minority accrual in therapeutic clinical trials needs to be a priority.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.