Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29976989›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2018

Blue light excited retinal intercepts cellular signaling.

Kasun Ratnayake, John L Payton, O Harshana Lakmal, Ajith Karunarathne

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Blue-Light Filters in Eye Care: A State-of-the-Art Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  3. Photooxidative molecular damage under blue light.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  13. Biomedicines · 2024
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Causal Pluralism in Medicine and its Implications for Clinical Practice.Journal for general philosophy of science = Zeitschrift fur allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie · 2024
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kasun RatnayakeDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3681-9902
John L PaytonDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA.
O Harshana LakmalDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA.
Ajith KarunarathneDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA. Ajith.karunarathne@utoledo.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-3136-2015
University of Toledo · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Photoreceptor chromophore, 11-cis retinal (11CR) and the photoproduct, all-trans retinal (ATR), are present in the retina at higher concentrations and interact with the visual cells. Non-visual cells in the body are also exposed to retinal that enters the circulation. Although the cornea and the lens of the eye are transparent to the blue light region where retinal can absorb and undergo excitation, the reported phototoxicity in the eye has been assigned to lipophilic non-degradable materials known as lipofuscins, which also includes retinal condensation products. The possibility of blue light excited retinal interacting with cells; intercepting signaling in the presence or absence of light has not been explored. Using live cell imaging and optogenetic signaling control, we uncovered that blue light-excited ATR and 11CR irreversibly change/distort plasma membrane (PM) bound phospholipid; phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2) and disrupt its function. This distortion in PIP2 was independent of visual or non-visual G-protein coupled receptor activation. The change in PIP2 was followed by an increase in the cytosolic calcium, excessive cell shape change, and cell death. Blue light alone or retinal alone did not perturb PIP2 or elicit cytosolic calcium increase. Our data also suggest that photoexcited retinal-induced PIP2 distortion and subsequent oxidative damage incur in the core of the PM. These findings suggest that retinal exerts light sensitivity to both photoreceptor and non-photoreceptor cells, and intercepts crucial signaling events, altering the cellular fate.

Indexed as

AnimalsAtaxia Telangiectasia Mutated ProteinsCell LineHCT116 CellsHeLa CellsHumansLightLipofuscinMiceNIH 3T3 CellsOptogeneticsPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-DiphosphatePhotoreceptor Cells, VertebrateRetinaRetinaldehydeSignal TransductionAtaxia Telangiectasia Mutated ProteinsLipofuscinPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-DiphosphateRetinaldehyde

Identifiers

PMID29976989
PMCPMC6033873
OpenAlexW2811286255

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.