Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29975497›Full record

ArticleJournalism & mass communication quarterly2017

Effects of Strengthening Cigarette Pack Warnings on Attention and Message Processing: A Systematic Review

Seth M Noar, Diane B Francis, Christy Bridges, Jennah M Sontag, Noel T Brewer, Kurt M Ribisl

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journalism & mass communication quarterly, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
82citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

82 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Systematic Review of Measures Used in Pictorial Cigarette Pack Warning Experiments.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2017
    Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Combining Inserts With Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs to Promote Smoking Cessation: A 2-Week Randomized Trial.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2024
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  12. Effects of Current and Enhanced Tobacco Corrective Messages on Smokers' Intention to Quit Smoking and Intention to Purchase Cigarettes.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020
    Trial
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  15. Understanding Why Pictorial Cigarette Pack Warnings Increase Quit Attempts.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2019
    Trial
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  20. Frequency and Content of Conversations About Pictorial Warnings on Cigarette Packs.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2018
    Trial

22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Seth M NoarThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
Diane B FrancisThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
Christy BridgesThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
Jennah M SontagThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
Noel T BrewerThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
Kurt M RibislThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA

Funding

Virology Research Program (Program 4)P30CA016086 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Deborah F. Tate · 1985 to 2026
$201.5M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016086
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The current study sought to examine the impact of strengthening cigarette pack warnings on attention, message processing, and perceived effectiveness, through a systematic review of longitudinal observational studies. The review included 22 studies (N = 81,824 participants). Strengthened warnings increased attention to warnings, recall of warnings, and thinking about the health risks of smoking. Strengthened warnings also increased several perceived effectiveness outcomes, including perceptions that warnings reduce smoking and motivate quitting. Strengthened cigarette pack warnings achieve their goal of attracting attention and enhancing motivation to act. Strengthening warning policies should be a priority for tobacco control globally.

Identifiers

PMID29975497
PMCPMC5483339

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.