ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2018
From Host Heme To Iron: The Expanding Spectrum of Heme Degrading Enzymes Used by Pathogenic Bacteria.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Carbon monoxide-producing probioticiScience · 2026Article
- The bacterial cell membrane acts as a dynamic heme reservoir during group BbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Heme and CO metabolism by the canonical human heme oxygenases.Journal of inorganic biochemistry · 2026Review
- Biochemical and functional characterization ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Key roles of GAPDH, Hsp90, and NO in heme trafficking.Journal of inorganic biochemistry · 2026Review
- Article
- Exploring the Terra incognita of AI-based domain classifications.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- Heme in Bacterial Pathogenesis and as an Antimicrobial Target.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Heme alters biofilm formation inMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Investigation into the effect of phenylalanine gating on anaerobic haem breakdown using the energy landscape approach.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- A Novel Heme-Degrading Enzyme that Regulates Heme and Iron Homeostasis and Promotes Virulence inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Exploring heme and iron acquisition strategies of Porphyromonas gingivalis-current facts and hypotheses.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Review
- Bradyrhizobium japonicum HmuP is an RNA-binding protein that positively controls hmuR operon expression by suppression of a negative regulatory RNA element in the 5' untranslated region.Molecular microbiology · 2024Article
- Hemophore-like proteins of the HmuY family in the oral and gut microbiome: unraveling the mystery of their evolution.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Endogenously produced HMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Heme utilization by the enterococci.FEMS microbes · 2024Review
- Iron Metabolism of the Skin: Recycling versus Release.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Bacterial TANGO2 homologs are heme-trafficking proteins that facilitate biosynthesis of cytochromesmBio · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Iron is an essential nutrient for many bacteria. Since the metal is highly sequestered in host tissues, bound predominantly to heme, pathogenic bacteria often take advantage of heme uptake and degradation mechanisms to acquire iron during infection. The most common mechanism of releasing iron from heme is through oxidative degradation by heme oxygenases (HOs). In addition, an increasing number of proteins that belong to two distinct structural families have been implicated in aerobic heme catabolism. Finally, an enzyme that degrades heme anaerobically was recently uncovered, further expanding the mechanisms for bacterial heme degradation. In this analysis, we cover the spectrum and recent advances in heme degradation by infectious bacteria. We briefly explain heme oxidation by the two groups of recognized HOs to ground readers before focusing on two new types of proteins that are reported to be involved in utilization of heme iron. We discuss the structure and enzymatic function of proteins representing these groups, their biological context, and how they are regulated to provide a more complete look at their cellular role.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.