ArticleThe British journal of ophthalmology2019
Impact of car transport availability and drive time on eye examination uptake among adults aged ≥60 years: a record linkage study.
Article in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- The role of mesolevel characteristics of the health care system and socioeconomic factors on health care use - results of a scoping review.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Spatial Vision Inequalities: A Literature Review of the Impact of Place on Vision and Eye Health Outcomes.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Review
- The relationship between multiple deprivation and severity of glaucoma at diagnosis.Eye (London, England) · 2023Article
- Social Risk Factor Associations With Presenting Visual Acuity in Patients With Microbial Keratitis.JAMA ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Delayed attendance at routine eye examinations is associated with increased probability of general practitioner referral: a record linkage study in Northern Ireland.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2020Article
- Reasons for no-show to referrals at a university eye clinic after eye examination via a mobile ophthalmic unit in a Brazilian region.Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologiaObservational
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo examine associations between uptake of free primary eye care, service availability (density of optometric practices) and service accessibility (household car access and drive time to nearest provider) after accounting for socioeconomic status and other individual, household and area factors.
methodsWe constructed a cohort of 294 870 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years, drawing contextual information from the 2011 Northern Ireland Census. Minimum drive times to the nearest optometry practice (1-19 min) and number of practices were derived for 890 geographical areas. The primary outcome was attendance at one or more publicly funded eye examinations to which all cohort members were entitled between 2009 and 2014. We used multiple log-binomial regression to estimate associations between eye care uptake, car ownership and drive time.
resultsEye examination uptake was 60.0%. 23.7% of the cohort had no car access, and these individuals had lower uptake than car owners (unadjusted risk ratio (RR) of uptake=0.86 (0.86, 0.87)). Among non-car owners, uptake decreased with drive time (longest vs shortest: RR=0.92 (0.88, 0.97)) with the largest decrease at 4 min drive time (approximately 1.5 miles). This pattern was weaker among car owners. These associations were independent of service availability, which was not associated with uptake.
conclusionBoth drive time and household car access were associated with eye care use, adjusting for individual, household and area factors. Policies to improve uptake should target those with no car access, especially those beyond walking distance from the nearest eye care provider.
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