ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2018
Opposite outcomes of coinfection at individual and population scales.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Higher Temperature and Host Age Alter Infection Outcomes in a Multi-Pathogen System.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Retroviral Infections Affect Survival and Clutch Size of Female Wild Turkeys.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Evaluation of brucellosis eradication strategies in water buffalo in a key dairy production area of southern Italy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Immune Responsiveness Induced by Administration of Heat-Inactivated M. bovis and BCG Prior to Experimental Infection in African Buffalo.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Coinfection affects the phenotypic but not genetic resistance of cattle to common parasites.Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE · 2025Article
- Insights into mycobacteriome composition in Mycobacterium bovis-infected African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) tissue samples.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Impact of infectious diseases on wild bovidae populations in Thailand: insights from population modelling and disease dynamics.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Article
- Characteristics of the Hantaan virus complicated with SARS-CoV2 infection: A case series report.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Epidemiology ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2023Article
- Hidden variable models reveal the effects of infection from changes in host survival.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Impact of Infection Patterns on the Outcomes of Patients with Hematological Malignancies in Southwest China: A 10-Year Retrospective Case-Control Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Advancing animal tuberculosis surveillance using culture-independent long-read whole-genome sequencing.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Bovine tuberculosis in African buffalo (Syncerus caffer): Progression of pathology during infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Dengue Fever, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, and COVID-19 Triple Co-infection: Out of the Frying Pan Into the Fire.Cureus · 2022Article
- Identification and distribution of pathogens coinfecting with Brucella spp., Coxiella burnetii and Rift Valley fever virus in humans, livestock and wildlife.Zoonoses and public health · 2022Review
- Hematological consequences of malaria in mice previously treated for visceral leishmaniasis.Wellcome open research · 2021Article
- Opportunist Coinfections by Nontuberculous Mycobacteria and Fungi in Immunocompromised Patients.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Elucidating cryptic dynamics ofEcology and evolution · 2020Article
- Coinfections by noninteracting pathogens are not independent and require new tests of interaction.PLoS biology · 2019Article
- Bovine tuberculosis disturbs parasite functional trait composition in African buffalo.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coinfecting parasites and pathogens remain a leading challenge for global public health due to their consequences for individual-level infection risk and disease progression. However, a clear understanding of the population-level consequences of coinfection is lacking. Here, we constructed a model that includes three individual-level effects of coinfection: mortality, fecundity, and transmission. We used the model to investigate how these individual-level consequences of coinfection scale up to produce population-level infection patterns. To parameterize this model, we conducted a 4-y cohort study in African buffalo to estimate the individual-level effects of coinfection with two bacterial pathogens, bovine tuberculosis (bTB) and brucellosis, across a range of demographic and environmental contexts. At the individual level, our empirical results identified bTB as a risk factor for acquiring brucellosis, but we found no association between brucellosis and the risk of acquiring bTB. Both infections were associated with reductions in survival and neither infection was associated with reductions in fecundity. The model reproduced coinfection patterns in the data and predicted opposite impacts of coinfection at individual and population scales: Whereas bTB facilitated brucellosis infection at the individual level, our model predicted the presence of brucellosis to have a strong negative impact on bTB at the population level. In modeled populations where brucellosis was present, the endemic prevalence and basic reproduction number ([Formula: see text]) of bTB were lower than in populations without brucellosis. Therefore, these results provide a data-driven example of competition between coinfecting pathogens that occurs when one pathogen facilitates secondary infections at the individual level.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.