ArticleInfection and immunity2018
PD-L1, TIM-3, and CTLA-4 Blockade Fails To Promote Resistance to Secondary Infection with Virulent Strains of Toxoplasma gondii.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Parasitic Infections and Carcinogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms, Immune Modulation, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Gene expression profiling in cardiac tissue of mice chronically infected with Toxoplasma gondii: implications for immune response pathways.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- The GPI sidechain ofmBio · 2024Article
- Brain -cyst-driven genes expression in Toxoplasma Gondii Tehran strain: a parasitic-immunogenicity assessment by dint of RNA-Seq.Veterinary research communications · 2024Article
- The paradox of immune checkpoint inhibition re-activating tuberculosis.The European respiratory journal · 2022Review
- Impact of secondary TCR engagement on the heterogeneity of pathogen-specific CD8+ T cell response during acute and chronic toxoplasmosis.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Characterizing and correcting immune dysfunction in non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Genetic mapping reveals Nfkbid as a central regulator of humoral immunity to Toxoplasma gondii.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- The IL-12- and IL-23-Dependent NK Cell Response Is Essential for Protective Immunity against SecondaryJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
T cell exhaustion is a state of hyporesponsiveness that develops during many chronic infections and cancer. Neutralization of inhibitory receptors, or "checkpoint blockade," can reverse T cell exhaustion and lead to beneficial prognoses in experimental and clinical settings. Whether checkpoint blockade can resolve lethal acute infections is less understood but may be beneficial in vaccination protocols that fail to elicit sterilizing immunity. Since a fully protective vaccine for any human parasite has yet to be developed, we explored the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in a mouse model of
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.