Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29966521›Full record

ArticleBMC palliative care2018

"It doesn't exist…": negotiating palliative care from a culturally and linguistically diverse patient and caregiver perspective.

Emma Kirby, Zarnie Lwin, Katherine Kenny, Alex Broom, Holi Birman, Phillip Good

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC palliative care, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
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  4. Factors influencing care for patients with gynecologic malignancies from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds: a questionnaire study (iCALD-2).Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
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  12. What services are available for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) patients in the cancer survivorship setting? An Australian study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
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  15. Engaging with Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Communities to Promote Palliative Care That Exceeds Expectation.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Emma KirbyPractical Justice Initiative, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, Level 3 Goodsell Building, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. Emma.kirby@unsw.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9754-0342
Zarnie LwinRoyal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Katherine KennyPractical Justice Initiative, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, Level 3 Goodsell Building, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Alex BroomPractical Justice Initiative, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, Level 3 Goodsell Building, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Holi BirmanPractical Justice Initiative, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, Level 3 Goodsell Building, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Phillip GoodUniversity of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
UNSW Sydney · AUMater Health Services · AUThe University of Queensland · AU

Funding

Australian Research Council DE150100285Australian Research Council LP120200268
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe end of life represents a therapeutic context that acutely raises cultural and linguistic specificities, yet there is very little evidence illustrating the importance of such dynamics in shaping choices, trajectories and care practices. Culture and language interplay to offer considerable potential challenges to both patient and provider, with further work needed to explore patient and caregiver perspectives across cultures and linguistic groups, and provider perspectives. The objective of this study was to develop a critical, evidence-based understanding of the experiences of people from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) backgrounds, and their caregivers, in a palliative care setting.

methodsA qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews to explore key experiences and perspectives of CALD patients and caregivers currently undergoing treatment under oncology or palliative care specialists in two Australian hospitals. Interviews were digitally audio recorded and transcribed in full. A thematic analysis was conducted utilising the framework approach.

resultsSixteen patients and fourteen caregivers from a range of CALD backgrounds participated in semi-structured interviews. The research identified four prevalent themes among participants: (1) Terminology in the transition to palliative care; (2) Communication, culture and pain management; (3) (Not) Talking about death and dying; and, (4) Religious faith as a coping strategy: challenging the terminal diagnosis.

conclusionsCALD patients and caregivers' experiences are multifaceted, particularly in negotiating linguistic difficulties, beliefs about treatment, and issues related to death and dying. Greater attention is needed to develop effective communication skills, recognise CALD patients' particular cultural, linguistic and spiritual values and needs, and acknowledge the unique nature of each doctor-patient interaction.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAustraliaCaregiversCulturally Competent CareFemaleFocus GroupsHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedPalliative CareQualitative ResearchAustraliaCultural and linguistic diversityPalliative careQualitative

Identifiers

PMID29966521
PMCPMC6027583
OpenAlexW2811129958

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.