SynthesisBulletin of the World Health Organization2018
Cash interventions to improve clinical outcomes for pulmonary tuberculosis: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05656287 (My Mobile Wallet), which is not on this map. Cited by 51 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
My Mobile Wallet: An Intervention to Support Access to Tuberculosis Care and Medication Adherence in Rural Uganda
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of cash transfer programmes on HIV/AIDS prevention and care outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies.The lancet. HIV · 2023Pooled it
- Unconditional cash transfers for reducing poverty and vulnerabilities: effect on use of health services and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Impacts of social support on the treatment outcomes of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2020Pooled it
- Community-level interventions for improving access to food in low- and middle-income countries.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Community-level interventions for improving access to food in low- and middle-income countries.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Household- Versus Incentive-Based Contact Investigation for Tuberculosis in Rural South Africa: A Cluster-Randomized Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Qualitative study of patient experiences of mental distress during TB investigation and treatment in Zambia.BMC psychology · 2022Trial
- One dollar incentive improves tuberculosis treatment outcomes in programmatic settings in rural Uganda.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Global, regional, and national tuberculosis burden associated with six suboptimal dietary exposures from 1990 to 2021: a comparative risk assessment based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Why condition cash transfers? A multimethod pilot study evaluating the conditioning of cash transfers for tuberculosis treatment.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Providing person-centred TB care: a participatory study with healthcare workers in Nairobi, Kenya.BMJ open · 2026Article
- The impact of social protection interventions on treatment and socioeconomic outcomes of tuberculosis-affected people and households in low income, high burden settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Identification and clinical validation of endoplasmic reticulum genes related to pulmonary tuberculosis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The social determinants of tuberculosis: a case-control study characterising pathways to equitable intervention in Peru.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- Vulnerability Assessment and Enhanced Community-based Care and Management of Patients With Tuberculosis in Korea: A Crossover Design.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2025Article
- A roadmap for integrating nutritional assessment, counselling, and support into the care of people with tuberculosis.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Review
- Article
- Digital Adherence Technologies Linked to Mobile Money Incentives for Medication Adherence Among People Living With Tuberculosis: Mixed Methods Feasibility and Acceptability Study.JMIR human factors · 2024Article
- Cash transfers to enhance completion of TB screening among household contacts in rural Tanzania.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2024Article
- Direct benefit transfer for nutritional support of patients with TB in India-analysis of national TB program data of 3.7 million patients, 2018-2022.BMC public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess cash transfer interventions for improving treatment outcomes of active pulmonary tuberculosis in low- and middle-income countries.
methodsWe searched PubMed®, Embase®, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov for studies published until 4 August 2017 that reported on cash transfer interventions during the treatment of active pulmonary tuberculosis in low- and middle-income countries. Our primary outcome was a positive clinical outcome, defined as treatment success, treatment completion or microbiologic cure. Using the purchasing power parity conversion factor, we converted the amount of cash received per patient within each study into international dollars (Int$). We calculated odds ratio (OR) for the primary outcome using a random effects meta-analysis.
findingsEight studies met eligibility criteria for review inclusion. Seven studies assessed a tuberculosis-specific intervention, with average amount of cash ranging from Int$ 193-858. One study assessed a tuberculosis-sensitive intervention, with average amount of Int$ 101. Four studies included non-cash co-interventions. All studies showed better primary outcome for the intervention group than the control group. After excluding three studies with high risk of bias, patients receiving tuberculosis-specific cash transfer were more likely to have a positive clinical outcome than patients in the control groups (OR: 1.77; 95% confidence interval: 1.57-2.01).
conclusionThe evidence available suggests that patients in low- and middle-income countries receiving cash during treatment for active pulmonary tuberculosis are more likely to have a positive clinical outcome. These findings support the incorporation of cash transfer interventions into social protection schemes within tuberculosis treatment programmes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.