ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2019
The Role of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Influenza- and Respiratory Syncytial Virus-associated Hospitalizations in South African Children, 2011-2016.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus among People Living with HIV: Is There a Case for Rolling Out Prophylaxis? A Viewpoint Based on a Systematic Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in children with acute respiratory illnesses in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2023Pooled it
- The epidemiology of seasonal influenza after the 2009 influenza pandemic in Africa: a systematic review.African health sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Immunologic and Virologic Factors Associated With Hospitalization in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed, Uninfected Infants in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Trial
- Maternal Inflammation Likely Drives Impaired Immune Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of RSVpreF Vaccine in Pregnant Individuals Living with HIV.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Altered mitochondrial mass and fatty acid uptake by natural killer cells in HIV-exposed uninfected children at 6 years of age.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Risk factors for severe respiratory syncytial virus-associated respiratory tract infection in a high HIV prevalence setting, South Africa, 2012 - 2018.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 Among Children and Adolescents Enrolled in Acute Respiratory Infection Sentinel Surveillance in South Africa, 2020-2022.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Among Children Under 5 Years of Age in Sub-Saharan Africa.Global pediatric health · 2024Review
- Association of HIV Exposure and HIV Infection With In-hospital Mortality Among Hospitalized Infants <1 Year of Age, South Africa, 2016-2018.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2023Article
- The attributable fraction of respiratory syncytial virus among patients of different ages with influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory illness in a high HIV prevalence setting, South Africa, 2012-2016.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2023Article
- Changing Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Children and Adolescents Over Four Successive Epidemic Waves in South Africa, 2020-2022.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2023Article
- The burden of RSV-associated illness in children aged < 5 years, South Africa, 2011 to 2016.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- Characterisation of RSV Fusion Proteins from South African Patients with RSV Disease, 2019 to 2020.Viruses · 2022Article
- The Impact of Maternal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection on the Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Among Pregnant Women and Their Infants, Western Kenya.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- A Retrospective observational cohort study of the effect of antenatal influenza vaccination on birth outcomes in Cape Town, South Africa, 2015-2016.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2021Observational
- Decline of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus detection in facility-based surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic, South Africa, January to October 2020.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2021Article
- Estimated Burden of Community-Onset Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations Among Children Aged <2 Years in the United States, 2014-15.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2020Article
- Characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) isolated from HIV-exposed-uninfected and HIV-unexposed infants in South Africa during 2015-2017.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundData describing influenza- or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated hospitalized illness in children aged <5 years in Africa are limited.
methodsDuring 2011-2016, we conducted surveillance for severe respiratory illness (SRI) in children aged <5 years in 3 South African hospitals. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested for influenza and RSV using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We estimated rates of influenza- and RSV-associated hospitalized SRI by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and compared children who tested positive for influenza vs RSV using multivariable penalized logistic regression.
resultsAmong 3650 hospitalized children, 203 (5.6%) tested positive for influenza viruses, 874 (23.9%) for RSV, and 19 (0.5%) for both. The median age of children hospitalized with influenza was 13.9 months vs 4.4 months for RSV (P < .01). Annual influenza-associated hospitalization rates per 100000 were highest among infants aged 6-11 months (545; 95% confidence interval [CI], 409-703), while RSV-associated hospitalization rates were highest in infants aged 0-2 months (6593; 95% CI, 5947-7217). HIV exposure was associated with increased incidence of influenza- and RSV-associated hospitalization in infants aged 0-5 months, with relative risk (RR) 2.2 (95% CI, 1.4-3.4) and 1.4 (95% CI, 1.3-1.6), respectively. HIV infection was associated with increased incidence of influenza- and RSV-associated hospitalization in all age groups; RR 2.7 (95% CI, 2.0-3.5) and 3.8 (95% CI, 3.1-4.8), respectively.
conclusionsInfluenza- and RSV-associated hospitalizations are common among South African infants. HIV infection and HIV exposure in infants increase risk of influenza- and RSV-associated hospitalization.
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