Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29961754›Full record

ArticleClinical and translational gastroenterology2018

Autophagy-related gene LC3 expression in tumor and liver microenvironments significantly predicts recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection.

Chih-Wen Lin, Yaw-Sen Chen, Chih-Che Lin, Po-Huang Lee, Gin-Ho Lo, Chia-Chang Hsu, Pei-Min Hsieh, Kah Wee Koh, Tsung-Ching Chou, Chia-Yen Dai and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
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Article in Clinical and translational gastroenterology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.

Chih-Wen LinDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Dachang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Yaw-Sen ChenSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Chih-Che LinDepartment of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Po-Huang LeeSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Gin-Ho LoDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Chia-Chang HsuHealth Examination Center, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Pei-Min HsiehDepartment of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Kah Wee KohDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Tsung-Ching ChouDepartment of Surgery, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
Chia-Yen DaiHepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Jee-Fu HuangHepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Wan-Long ChuangHepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Yao-Li ChenDivision of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
Ming-Lung YuHepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. fish6069@gmail.com.
I-Shou University · TWE-Da Hospital · TWChang Gung University · TWChanghua Christian Hospital · TWKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital · TWNational Cheng Kung University Hospital · TWNational Sun Yat-sen University · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe role of autophagy-related markers as the prognostic factor of post-operative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence remained controversial.

methodsOverall, 535 consecutive HCC patients undergoing curative resection from 2010 to 2014 were followed and classified with early (ER, <2 years) or late recurrence (LR). Autophagy-related markers, LC3, Beclin-1, and p62 expression was immunohistochemically assessed in HCC and adjacent non-tumor (ANT) tissues.

resultsHCC recurred in 245 patients: 116 with ER and 129 with LR. The cumulative incidence of recurrence at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years was 9.7%, 33.9%, 53.3%, and 66.3%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, HCC recurrence was significantly associated with low LC3 expression in tumor and ANT tissues, HCC tissues only and ANT tissues only (hazard ratio/95% confidence interval: 6.12/2.473-17.53, 4.18/1.285-13.61, and 1.89/1.299-2.757) and macrovascular invasion (1.63/1.043-2.492) and cirrhosis (1.59/1.088-2.326). ER was significantly associated with low LC3 expression in tumor and ANT tissues, HCC tissues only and ANT tissues only (6.54/2.934-15.81, 3.26/1.034-10.27, and 2.09/1.313-3.321) and macrovascular and microvascular invasion (2.65/1.306-5.343 and 2.55/1.177-5.504). LR was significantly associated with low LC3 expression in tumor and ANT tissues, HCC tissues only and ANT tissues only (5.02/1.372-18.83, 3.19/1.13-12.09, and 1.66/1.051-2.620) and cirrhosis (1.66/1.049-2.631). Patients with low and high LC3 expression in tumor and ANT tissues showed a 5-year cumulative recurrence of 94.3% and 41.7%, respectively (p < 0.001).

conclusionsThe high LC3 expression in the tumor and liver microenvironments is significantly associated with lower HCC recurrence. Furthermore, tumor characteristics and liver microenvironment were also significantly associated with ER and LR, respectively. TRANSLATIONAL IMPACT: The analysis for LC3 expression in both the HCC and ANT tissues could identify patients at risk of HCC recurrence.

Indexed as

Neoplasm Recurrence, LocalAgedAutophagyBeclin-1BiomarkersCarcinoma, HepatocellularFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGene ExpressionHepatectomyHumansLiverLiver NeoplasmsMaleMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsMiddle AgedBeclin-1BiomarkersMAP1LC3A protein, humanMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsP62 protein, humanRNA-Binding Proteins

Identifiers

PMID29961754
PMCPMC6026596
OpenAlexW2810581090

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.