ArticleDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2018
Turkish Insulin Injection Techniques Study: Complications of Injecting Insulin Among Turkish Patients with Diabetes, Education They Received, and the Role of Health Care Professional as Assessed by Survey Questionnaire.
Article in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insulin injection knowledge, attitude, and practice of community nurses in a mountainous area of southwest Zhejiang in China: a multi-center cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Insulin injection technique in the western region of Algeria, Tlemcen.The Pan African medical journal · 2020Article
- Insulin Injection Technique is Associated with Glycemic Variability in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018Article
- Turkish Insulin Injection Technique Study: Population Characteristics of Turkish Patients with Diabetes Who Inject Insulin and Details of Their Injection Practices as Assessed by Survey Questionnaire.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018Article
- LIPODYSTROPHY FREQUENCY ACCORDING TO INSULIN TREATMENT REGIMEN IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS: IS INSULIN INJECTION FREQUENCY MATTERS IN ANALOG INSULIN ERA?Acta endocrinologica (Bucharest, Romania : 2005)Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionUsing the Turkish and rest of world (ROW) Injection Technique Questionnaire (ITQ) data we address key insulin injection complications.
methodsSummarized in first ITQ paper.
resultsNearly one-third of Turkish insulin users described lesions consistent with lipohypertrophy (LH) at their injection sites and 27.4% were found to have LH by the examining nurse (using visual inspection and palpation). LH lesions in the abdomen and thigh of Turkish patients are slightly smaller than those measured in ROW but more than half of Turkish patients who have LH continue to inject into them at least daily. More than a quarter of Turkish patients have frequent unexplained hypoglycemia and nearly 2 out of 5 have glycemic variability, both of which have been linked to the presence of LH and the habit of injecting into it. Nearly half of Turkish injectors report having pain on injection. Of these, just over half report having painful injections only several times a month or year (i.e., not with every injection). In Turkey the diabetes nurse has by far the major role in teaching patients how to inject. Nearly 40% of Turkish injectors get their sites checked at least annually, and a larger proportion than ROW had received recent (within the last 12 months) instruction on how to inject properly.
conclusionTurkish patients and professionals have clearly made progress in injection technique, but there are still considerable challenges ahead which the new Turkish guidelines will help address.
fundingBD Diabetes Care.
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