ArticleNephron2018
Rationale and Design of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Assessing the Renoprotective Effects of Potassium Supplementation in Chronic Kidney Disease.
Article in Nephron, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Potassium Intake and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in Predialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on the renin-angiotensin system in patients with chronic kidney disease and acidosis: a randomized clinical trial.Journal of nephrology · 2021Trial
- Effects of Potassium or Sodium Supplementation on Mineral Homeostasis: A Controlled Dietary Intervention Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Trial
- Management of hyperkalemia: strategic clinical actions in real-world practice.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2025Review
- Estimated potassium intake and the progression of chronic kidney disease.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Article
- Chronic kidney disease increases the susceptibility to negative effects of low and high potassium intake.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2024Article
- The potassium puzzle: exploring the intriguing connection to albuminuria.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- India's tryst with salt: Dandi march to low sodium salts.The Indian journal of medical research · 2023Review
- The role of residual renal function on potassium intake and excretion in patients on peritoneal dialysis.International urology and nephrology · 2023Article
- Short-Term Effects of Potassium Chloride Supplementation on Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Phosphate in CKD.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2023Article
- Potassium and the kidney: a reciprocal relationship with clinical relevance.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Review
- The Highs and Lows of Potassium Intake in CKD-Does One Size Fit All?Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2022Article
- Potassium and fiber: a controversial couple in the nutritional management of children with chronic kidney disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Article
- Review
- Fiber intake and health in people with chronic kidney disease.Clinical kidney journal · 2022Article
- Urinary Potassium Excretion, Fibroblast Growth Factor 23, and Incident Hypertension in the General Population-Based PREVEND Cohort.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Diminished antiproteinuric effect of the angiotensin receptor blocker losartan during high potassium intake in patients with CKD.Clinical kidney journal · 2021Article
- Update on Treatment of Hypertension After Renal Transplantation.Current hypertension reports · 2021Review
- Current Management of Hyperkalemia in Non-Dialysis CKD: Longitudinal Study of Patients Receiving Stable Nephrology Care.Nutrients · 2021Observational
- Management of Chronic Hyperkalemia in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: An Old Problem With News Options.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsDietary potassium (K+) has beneficial effects on blood pressure and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. Recently, several epidemiological studies have revealed an association between urinary K+ excretion (as proxy for dietary intake) and better renal outcomes in subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD). To address causality, we designed the "K+ in CKD" study.
methodsThe K+ in CKD study is a multicenter, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial aiming to include 399 patients with hypertension, CKD stage 3b or 4 (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] 15-44 mL/min/1.73 m2), and an average eGFR decline > 2 mL/min/1.73 m2/year. As safety measure, all included subjects will start with a 2-week open-label phase of 40 mmol potassium chloride daily. Patients who do not subsequently develop hyperkalemia (defined as serum K+ >5.5 mmol/L) will be randomized to receive potassium chloride, potassium citrate (both K+ 40 mmol/day), or placebo for 2 years. The primary end point is the difference in eGFR after 2 years of treatment. Secondary end points include other renal outcomes (> 30% decrease in eGFR, doubling of serum creatinine, end-stage renal disease, albuminuria), ambulatory blood pressure, CV events, all-cause mortality, and incidence of hyperkalemia. Several measurements will be performed to analyze the effects of potassium supplementation, including body composition monitoring, pulse wave velocity, plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations, urinary ammonium, and intracellular K+ concentrations.
conclusionThe K+ in CKD study will demonstrate if K+ sup-plementation has a renoprotective effect in progressive CKD, and whether alkali therapy has additional beneficial effects.
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