Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29955538›Full record

ArticleThe mental health clinician2018

Survey highlights the need to expand offerings of introductory pharmacy practice experiences in psychiatry and neurology: Benefits and example experiences.

Jolene R Bostwick, Gillian P Leung, Tawny L Smith, Uzma Ahmed, Jacquelyn L Bainbridge, Jean-Xavier Peyronnet

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The mental health clinician, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jolene R BostwickClinical Associate Professor and Clinical Pharmacist in Psychiatry, Associate Chair, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, Michigan, jkingsbu@med.umich.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-4587-7773
Gillian P LeungStudent, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, Michigan.ORCID 0000-0001-7800-320X
Tawny L SmithAssistant Professor of Psychiatry, Dell Medical School, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Health Outcomes and Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.ORCID 0000-0002-7512-4919
Uzma AhmedStudent, The University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy, Austin, Texas.ORCID 0000-0003-1596-2459
Jacquelyn L BainbridgeProfessor, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Medicine Department of Neurology, Aurora, Colorado.ORCID 0000-0001-5649-1564
Jean-Xavier Peyronnetprevious Pharmacy Student, Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Pharmacie, Marseille, France.ORCID 0000-0003-1894-6470

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIntroductory pharmacy practice experiences (IPPEs) are 1 requirement schools and colleges of pharmacy must fulfill to meet accreditation standards. The purpose of this manuscript is to report existing IPPEs in psychiatry and neurology across the United States.

methodsTwo separate electronic surveys were administered to individual College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists members with board certification in psychiatric pharmacy with an academic affiliation and academic institutions in the 2014-15 academic year to assess the neuropsychiatric curriculum in pharmacy programs. Results focusing on IPPEs were summarized using descriptive statistics.

resultsAcademic institutional data reveal only 37.3% offered IPPEs in psychiatry, and 6.7% offered neurology. The number of available IPPEs is low even if a program offered an available rotation. The majority of College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists member respondents (69.9%) did not offer IPPEs in psychiatry in the 2014-15 academic year, and none offered an IPPE in neurology. More than half of individual respondents feel their institution should increase IPPEs in psychiatry and neurology in order to enhance their curriculum. DISCUSSION: To expand IPPE availability, pharmacy programs should increase early exposure of pharmacy students to patients with psychiatric and neurologic conditions. Longitudinal experiences may allow students to engage in hands-on experiences, which may impact future career aspirations and reduce stigma. Current example IPPEs at the authors' institutions are included to stimulate discussion and action among readers on how IPPEs in these practice areas may be developed. Implementation of IPPEs in psychiatry and neurology is needed for students to gain experience working with these patients.

Indexed as

experiential educationintroductory pharmacy practice experienceIPPEneurologypsychiatryrotationsurvey

Identifiers

PMID29955538
PMCPMC6007518

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.