ArticlePharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)2018
Neurocognitive, Autonomic, and Mood Effects of Adderall: A Pilot Study of Healthy College Students.
Article in Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07664631 (Effects of Stimulant Medications in PTSD), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Stimulant Medications in PTSD
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of amphetamines on blood pressure.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Prescription Stimulant Misuse Among Nursing Students: A Systematic Review.Journal of addictions nursingPooled it
- Effects of stimulant medication on neuropsychological functioning in college students without ADHD.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- To choose or not to choose: Examining the influence of choice on elicitation of subjective and objective prescription stimulant placebo effects in the laboratory.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Expectancy for Adderall influences subjective mood and drug effects regardless of concurrent caffeine ingestion: A randomized controlled trial.Psychopharmacology · 2024Trial
- Anger, agency, risk and action: a neurobehavioral model with proof-of-concept in healthy young adults.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Effort-Reward Imbalance at Work and Prescription Drug Misuse-Prospective Evidence from Germany.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The Relationships between Personal Values, Justifications, and Academic Cheating for Business vs. Non-Business Students.Journal of academic ethics · 2022Article
- Neuroenhancement: State of the Art and Future Perspectives.Clinical neuropsychiatry · 2021Article
- Review
- Cognitive Enhancement: Unanswered Questions About Human Psychology and Social Behavior.Science and engineering ethics · 2021Article
- The Ethics of Motivational Neuro-Doping in Sport: Praiseworthiness and Prizeworthiness.Neuroethics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prescription stimulant medications are considered a safe and long-term effective treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Studies support that stimulants enhance attention, memory, self-regulation and executive function in individuals with ADHD. Recent research, however, has found that many college students without ADHD report misusing prescription stimulants, primarily to enhance their cognitive abilities. This practice raises the question whether stimulants actually enhance cognitive functioning in college students without ADHD. We investigated the effects of mixed-salts amphetamine (i.e., Adderall, 30 mg) on cognitive, autonomic and emotional functioning in a pilot sample of healthy college students without ADHD (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.