Trial reportPloS one2018
Dipstick proteinuria predicts all-cause mortality in general population: A study of 17 million Korean adults.
Trial report in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Predictors of in-hospital mortality among adults with chronic kidney disease at a national tertiary hospital in Sierra Leone.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Clinical impact of proteinuria and blood pressure variability on long-term outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- Proteinuria is risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm: a nationwide population-based study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Proteinuria Assessment and Therapeutic Implementation in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients-A Clinical Audit on KDIGO ("Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes") Guidelines.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Risk Factors for Death Among Veterans Following Acute Kidney Injury.The American journal of medicine · 2023Article
- Identification of High-Risk Groups in Urinalysis: Lessons from the Longitudinal Analysis of Annual Check-Ups.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Association of Dipstick Proteinuria with Long-Term Mortality among Patients with Hypertensive Crisis in the Emergency Department.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Transiently Observed Trace Albuminuria on Urine Dipstick Test Is Associated With All-Cause Death, Cardiovascular Death, and Incident Chronic Kidney Disease: A National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort in Korea.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Trace proteinuria as a risk factor for cancer death in a general population.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Dipstick proteinuria and cancer incidence: a nationwide population-based study.Journal of nephrology · 2020Article
- Trace Proteinuria and the Incidence of Overt Proteinuria After Five Years: Results of the Kanagawa Investigation of the Total Checkup Data From the National Database-5 (KITCHEN-5).Journal of clinical medicine research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveA quantitative basis for the use of dipstick urinalysis for risk assessment of all-cause mortality is scarce. Therefore, we investigated the association between dipstick proteinuria and all-cause mortality in a general population and evaluated the effect of confounders on this association.
methodsThe study population included 17,342,956 adults who underwent health examinations between 2005 and 2008 under the National Health Insurance System. Proteinuria was determined using a single dipstick urinalysis, and the primary outcome of this study was all-cause mortality. The prognostic impact of proteinuria was assessed by constructing a multivariable Cox model.
resultsThe mean age of the study population (53.24% male) was 46.06 years; 724,681 deaths from all causes occurred over a median follow-up period of 9.34 years (interquartile range 8.17-10.16), and the maximum follow-up was 12.12 years. After full adjustment for covariates, a higher level of dipstick proteinuria indicated a higher risk of all-cause death [Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals); 1.22 (1.20-1.24), 1.47 (1.45-1.49), 1.81 (1.77-1.84), 2.32 (2.24-2.41), 2.74 (2.54-2.96); trace to 4+, respectively], and various subgroup analyses did not affect the main outcome for the total population. ≥1+ proteinuria in the group without metabolic diseases (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, or obesity) resulted in higher hazard ratios than those in the group with metabolic diseases and negative or trace proteinuria.
conclusionsOur study showed a strong association between dipstick proteinuria and all-cause mortality in this nationwide population-based cohort in South Korea.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.