SynthesisAIDS (London, England)2018
Costs and cost-effectiveness of HIV/noncommunicable disease integration in Africa: from theory to practice.
Synthesis in AIDS (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Models of integration of HIV and noncommunicable disease care in sub-Saharan Africa: lessons learned and evidence gaps.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Pooled it
- Building on the HIV chronic care platform to address noncommunicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a research agenda.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Pooled it
- Noncommunicable diseases among HIV-infected persons in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Pooled it
- Acceptability and feasibility of one-stop home-based genital self-sampling for female genital schistosomiasis, human papilloma virus and self-testing for trichomonas and HIV: the Zipime Weka Schista study in Zambia.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Health economics in Africa: historical perspectives, current challenges, and policy recommendations for sustainable healthcare financing and resource allocation.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2026Review
- The integration of communicable and non-communicable disease (CD-NCD) health services in Africa: A scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Cost and Budget Impact of Layering Depression Care Onto Existing HIV and Noncommunicable Disease Care Services in Western Kenya.Value in health regional issues · 2025Article
- Perceptions of body size and non-communicable disease risk among people with HIV in Nairobi, Kenya: an explanatory mixed-methods study.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Integrated multi-month dispensing for HIV and hypertension in South Africa: A model of epidemiological impact and cost-effectiveness.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Article
- Influence of institutional support and organisational culture on HIV and NCD integration.Journal of public health in Africa · 2025Article
- Barriers to and facilitators of linkage to care following hypertension and diabetes screening among health workers in Zimbabwe: A mixed method study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- The integrated care costs of HIV and non-communicable diseases in South Africa.Public health action · 2024Article
- Article
- The Evidence Project: Protocol for Systematic Reviews of Behavioral Interventions and Behavioral Aspects of Biomedical Interventions for HIV Prevention, Treatment, and Health Service Delivery in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2024Article
- Time to bring female genital schistosomiasis out of neglect.British medical bulletin · 2024Article
- Gaussian process emulation to improve efficiency of computationally intensive multidisease models: a practical tutorial with adaptable R code.BMC medical research methodology · 2024Article
- Convergence of HIV and non-communicable disease epidemics: geospatial mapping of the unmet health needs in an HIV hyperendemic community in South Africa.BMJ global health · 2024Article
- Acceptability of Integrated Community-Based HIV and Cervical Cancer Screening in Mayuge District, Uganda.JCO global oncology · 2024Article
- Protocol for the economic evaluation of integrated community-based care compared with integrated facility-based care for HIV, hypertension and diabetes in Tanzania and Uganda (INTE-COMM trial).NIHR open research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
: The current article reviews economic aspects of selected HIV/noncommunicable disease (NCD) service delivery integration programs to assess the efficiency of integration in limited capacity settings. We define economies of scope and scale and their relevance to HIV/NCD integration. We summarize the results of a systematic review of cost and cost-effectiveness studies of integrated care, which identified 12 datasets (nine studies) with a wide range of findings driven by differences in research questions, study methods, and health conditions measured. All studies were done in Africa and examined screening interventions only. No studies assessed the cost of integrated, long-term disease management. Few studies estimated the cost-effectiveness of integrated screening programs. The additional cost of integrating NCD screening with HIV care platforms represented a 6-30% increase in the total costs of the programs for noncancer NCDs, with cervical cancer screening costs dependent on screening strategy. We conducted 11 key informant interviews to uncover perceptions of the economics of HIV/NCD integration. None of the informants had hard information about the economic efficiency of integration. Most expected integrated care to be more cost-effective than current practice, though a minority thought that greater specialization could be more cost-effective. In the final section of this article, we summarize research needs and propose a 'minimum economic dataset' for future studies. We conclude that, although integrated HIV/NCD care has many benefits, the economic justification is unproven. Better information on the cost, cost-effectiveness, and fiscal sustainability of integrated programs is needed to justify this approach in limited-resource countries.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.