ReviewJournal of thoracic disease2018
Next generation immune-checkpoints for cancer therapy.
Review in Journal of thoracic disease, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prognostic role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 expression in solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Resisting Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Therapy: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Development and validation of mitochondrial metabolism-related genes in the prognostic and immunological characterization of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Tumor Microenvironment: Recent Advances in Immunotherapies of Pancreatic Cancer.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Immune evasion in cancer: mechanisms and cutting-edge therapeutic approaches.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Tracing specificity of immune landscape remodeling associated with distinct anticancer treatments.iScience · 2025Article
- Advances in immunotherapy and targeted therapy for advanced clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: current strategies and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Hippo signaling pathway in cervical cancer: insights into mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Advances in cancer immunotherapy: Strategies and innovations strategies for adoptive immunotherapy of cancer.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy of Clear-Cell Renal-Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2024Review
- Article
- Comparative characterization of two monoclonal antibodies targeting canine PD-1.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Cigarette smoke sustains immunosuppressive microenvironment inducing M2 macrophage polarization and viability in lung cancer settings.PloS one · 2024Article
- A Comprehensive Study on the Prognostic Value and Clinicopathological Significance of Different Immune Checkpoints in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2024Review
- Review
- Combining energy-based focal ablation and immune checkpoint inhibitors: preclinical research and clinical trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Advancements in Cancer Immunotherapies.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Can Soluble Immune Checkpoint Molecules on Exosomes Mediate Inflammation?Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2022Review
- The Evolution of Molecular Recognition: From Antibodies to Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) as Artificial Counterpart.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2022Review
- Immunotherapy for glioblastoma: the promise of combination strategies.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The discovery and clinical application of immune-checkpoint inhibitors has dramatically improved the treatments, outcomes and therapeutic concepts in multiple tumor settings. This breakthrough was mainly based on monoclonal antibodies blocking the inhibitory molecule CTLA-4 and or the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, with the aim of counteracting major tumor immune evasion mechanisms. Even acknowledging these important successes, not all the patients benefit from these treatments. Translational and clinical research efforts are ongoing to explore the potentialities of a new generation of immune-modulatory molecules to extend current clinical applications and contrast the unsolved issues of resistance and disease relapse that still affects a considerable rate of patients. New immune-checkpoints, with either stimulatory or inhibitory functions are emerging with key roles in regulating T cell response but also affecting other crucial effectors belonging to the innate immune response (e.g., natural killer). Their therapeutic exploitation, either alone or in strategical combinations, is providing important preclinical results, holding promises currently explored in initial clinical trials. The first results point toward favorable safety profiles with selective hints of activity in challenging settings. Important issues regarding the dose, schedule and rational combinations remain open and data from the clinical studies are needed. Here we provide an overview of the main emerging stimulatory or inhibitory immune-checkpoints exploitable in cancer treatment, briefly reporting their biological function, preclinical activity and preliminary clinical data.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.