ArticleObesity science & practice2018
Obesity, underweight and BMI distribution characteristics of children by gross national income and income inequality: results from an international survey.
Article in Obesity science & practice, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in health-related quality of life and inequality in China: evidence from a nationwide repeated cross-sectional survey (2021-2023).Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Weight status of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A cross-sectional analysis of primary care electronic medical records and linked health administrative datasets in Ontario, Canada.Pediatric obesity · 2025Article
- Exploring the longitudinal associations between census division income inequality and BMI trajectories among Canadian adolescent: Is gender an effect modifier?SSM - population health · 2023Article
- Sociodemographic Correlates of Obesity among Spanish Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- The Socioeconomic Inequality in Increment of Caries and Growth among Chinese Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Differences in Cardiorespiratory Fitness between Chinese and Japanese Children and Adolescents.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Obesity, underweight and BMI distribution characteristics of children by gross national income and income inequality: results from an international survey.Obesity science & practice · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEconomic wealth and income inequality may impact on childhood BMI distribution by affecting overconsumption of food and sedentary forms of transportation and entertainment across the whole or some of the population.
objectivesTo determine whether BMI distribution of children differs by gross national income (GNI) per capita and Gini index derived from World Bank data.
methodsSecondary analysis of largely self-reported height and weight data from a multi-country, cross-sectional study (ISAAC), of 77,963 children aged 6-7 (from 19 countries) and 205,388 adolescents aged 13-14 (from 36 countries), were used to examine underweight vs obesity prevalence and BMI distribution skewness, median and dispersion.
resultsChildren and adolescents from 'lower' GNI countries had higher prevalence of underweight than those from 'higher' GNI countries (6% vs 3%,
conclusionsIt appears that the obesogenic impact of economic prosperity affects all children similarly. Income inequality may have a gender specific effect affecting BMI distribution in adolescent girls.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.