ArticleJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology2019
Flame retardant exposure assessment: findings from a behavioral intervention study.
Article in Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Implications of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals for Human Health and Effective Methods for Prevention and Reduction.Toxics · 2026Review
- Maternal serum polybrominated diphenyl ether concentrations during pregnancy and adolescent bone mineral density at age 12 years.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic and racial-ethnic disparities in flame retardant exposure and executive function skills in preschool children.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Housing characteristics, dietary patterns, and sociodemographic characteristics as predictors of persistent organic pollutant exposure among African American pregnant women in Atlanta.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Biomarkers of Organophosphate and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Flame Retardants of American Workers and Associations with Inhalation and Dermal Exposures.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Pervasive environmental chemicals impair oligodendrocyte development.Nature neuroscience · 2024Article
- Lifestyle factors and urine levels of organophosphorus flame retardants in endometrial cancer: insights from a case-control study.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Pervasive environmental chemicals impair oligodendrocyte development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Silicone wristbands as personal passive sampling devices: Current knowledge, recommendations for use, and future directions.Environment international · 2022Review
- Variability and predictors of urinary organophosphate ester concentrations among school-aged children.Environmental research · 2022Article
- Chemical contaminant exposures assessed using silicone wristbands among occupants in office buildings in the USA, UK, China, and India.Environment international · 2021Article
- A review of the success and challenges in characterizing human dermal exposure to flame retardants.Archives of toxicology · 2021Review
- Do flame retardant concentrations change in dust after older upholstered furniture is replaced?Environment international · 2021Article
- Flame Retardants-Mediated Interferon Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Reducing breast cancer risk across generations through family-based interventions.Current epidemiology reports · 2020Article
- Predictors and reproducibility of urinary organophosphate ester metabolite concentrations during pregnancy and associations with birth outcomes in an urban population.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2020Article
- Organophosphate Esters: Are These Flame Retardants and Plasticizers Affecting Children's Health?Current environmental health reports · 2019Review
- Associations between urinary organophosphate ester metabolites and measures of adiposity among U.S. children and adults: NHANES 2013-2014.Environment international · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPolybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been largely replaced by organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and alternative brominated flame retardants (Alt-BFRs) to meet flammability requirements. Humans are ubiquitously exposed to some variety of flame retardants through contact with consumer products directly or through household dust.
objectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of house cleaning and hand washing practices to reduce exposure to flame retardants, we measured concentrations in dermal hand wipes and urinary metabolites before and after assignment to two consecutive interventions.
methodsWe selected 32 mother and child dyads from an existing cohort. This analysis focuses on mothers. Participants provided baseline measurements (urine, hand wipes, and questionnaires) and were then assigned for 1 week to either a house cleaning (including instruction on proper technique and cleaning supplies) or hand washing (including instruction on proper technique and soaps) intervention arm. For the second week, participants were assigned to the second intervention in addition to their initial assignment, thus all subjects both washed their hands and cleaned according to the intervention guidelines during week 2. We collected measurements at the end of weeks 1 and 2.
resultsWe found reductions in urinary analytes after week 1 of house cleaning (BCIPHIPP and ip-DPHP), week 1 of hand washing (BCIPP, BCIPHIPP, and tbutyl-DPHP), and week 2 of combined interventions (BCIPHIPP and tbutyl-DPHP), compare to baseline. We found no significant decline in hand wipes in the entire sample but did find reductions after week 1 of house cleaning (BDE 209), week 1 of hand washing (TCEP), and week 2 of combined interventions (TDCIPP and BDE 209) in women with exposure above the median at baseline (verified through simulations).
conclusionsExposure to individual flame retardants was reduced by about half, in some cases, by 1 week of increased hand washing, house cleaning to reduce dust, or combined activities.
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Registered trials
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