ArticleBiology of sex differences2018
Sex differences in body composition and association with cardiometabolic risk.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05612282 (The Impact of the Distribution of Adipose Tissue on the Occurrence of Metabolic Disorders and and the Level of Cardiopulmonary Fitness), which is not on this map. Cited by 215 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Impact of the Distribution of Adipose Tissue on the Occurrence of Metabolic Disorders and and the Level of Cardiopulmonary Fitness
Who cites it
215 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 396 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Educational Attainment and Overweight/Obesity in Eight South Asian Countries: A Systematic Review.Asia-Pacific journal of public health · 2026Pooled it
- Gender and sex differences in adherence to a Mediterranean diet and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Tirzepatide Efficacy and Tolerability According to Early Weight Response: A Post Hoc Analysis of the SURMOUNT-1 and SURMOUNT-2 Trials.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Trial
- Diet-based weight-loss intervention is not associated with a meaningful change in lean soft tissue.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- The Role of Insulin Sensitivity in Lean Mass Changes During Weight Loss With or Without Exercise.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Trial
- Predictors of ≥15% Weight Reduction and Associated Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors With Tirzepatide in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in SURPASS 1-4.Diabetes care · 2023Trial
- Krill Oil Supplementation Does Not Change Waist Circumference and Sagittal Abdominal Diameter in Overweight Women: A Pilot Balanced, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Sex-specific predictive equations for estimating trochanteric soft tissue thickness across body positions and imaging modalities.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Changes in Body Composition and Sexual Satisfaction Following Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery in Women with Obesity: A Prospective Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sex-Based Differences in Anthropometric Profiles and Physiological Responses to High-Intensity Strength-Endurance Exercise in Paramedic Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- Duplicate-Aware Internal Validation of Machine-Learning Models for Classifying a Tanita BIA-Derived High-Adiposity Phenotype Using Simple Anthropometric Predictors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Body composition changes during cardiac rehabilitation and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- The relationship between plasma favipiravir concentrations and clinical outcomes in COVID-19.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Performance of CUN-BAE in Assessing Adiposity and Visceral Fat: A Validation Study Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in a Mexican Population.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Trends in Atrial Fibrillation-Related Mortality Among Adults With Obesity in the United States From 1999 to 2024.Obesity science & practice · 2026Article
- Validity and reliability ofSports medicine and health science · 2026Article
- Subjective Evaluation of Female Adult Body Fat Distribution: A Scoping Review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Article
- Relationship between low phase angle and impaired healing of diabetic foot ulcer: a retrospective cohort study.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- Does the relationship between body mass index and health-related quality of life vary depending on early, middle and later adulthood?Family medicine and community health · 2026Article
155 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBody composition differs between men and women, with women having proportionally more fat mass and men more muscle mass. Although men and women are both susceptible to obesity, health consequences differ between the sexes. The purpose of our study was to assess sex differences in body composition using anatomic and functional imaging techniques, and its relationship to cardiometabolic risk markers in subjects with overweight/obesity.
methodsAfter written informed consent, we prospectively recruited 208 subjects with overweight/obesity who were otherwise healthy (94 men, 114 women, age 37 ± 10 years, BMI 35 ± 6 kg/m
resultsWomen and men were of similar mean age and BMI (p ≥ 0.2). Women had higher %fat mass, extremity fat, and lower lean mass compared to men (p ≤ 0.0005). However, men had higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and IMCL and higher age-and BMI-adjusted IHL (p < 0.05). At similar age and BMI, men had a more detrimental cardiometabolic risk profile compared to women (p < 0.01). However, VAT in women, and IMCL in men, were more strongly associated with cardiometabolic risk markers, while more lower extremity fat was associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic profile in women compared to men (p ≤ 0.03).
conclusionsAlthough the male pattern of fat distribution is associated with a more detrimental cardiometabolic risk profile compared to women of similar age and BMI, VAT is more strongly associated with cardiometabolic risk markers in women, while IMCL are more detrimental in men. Lower extremity fat is relatively protective, in women more than in men. This suggests that detailed anatomic and functional imaging, rather than BMI, provides a more complete understanding of metabolic risk associated with sex differences in fat distribution.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.