SynthesisEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2018
Long-term neurodevelopmental consequences of intrauterine exposure to lithium and antipsychotics: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Perinatal Mood, Anxiety, and Related Disorders: Guide de pratique 2024 du Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments pour le traitement des troubles de l'humeur, des troubles anxieux et des troubles connexes périnatals.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2025Guideline
- Safety of psychotropic medications in pregnancy: an umbrella review.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical Lactation Studies of Lithium: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Antiemetic use during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment: population-based birth cohort study.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide particles cause developmental neurotoxicity inEnvironmental science. Advances · 2025Article
- Environmental enrichment improves deficits in hippocampal neuroplasticity and cognition in prenatally aripiprazole-exposed mouse offspring.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Review
- Risk of congenital malformations associated with first-trimester exposure to antipsychotics: A propensity score-weighted population-based cohort study.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2024Article
- High lithium concentration at delivery is a potential risk factor for adverse outcomes in breastfed infants: a retrospective cohort study.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2023Article
- Antipsychotic utilization patterns in pregnant women with psychotic disorders: a 16-year population-based cohort study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Effects of prenatal exposure to (es)citalopram and maternal depression during pregnancy on DNA methylation and child neurodevelopment.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Lithium use in childhood and adolescence, peripartum, and old age: an umbrella review.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2023Review
- Gestational exposure to organophosphate esters and infant anthropometric measures in the first 4 weeks after birth.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Neurodevelopment in school-aged children after intrauterine exposure to antipsychotics.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2023Article
- Cellular Genome-wide Association Study Identifies Common Genetic Variation Influencing Lithium-Induced Neural Progenitor Proliferation.Biological psychiatry · 2023Article
- Article
- The effect of prenatal lithium exposure on the neuropsychological development of the child.Bipolar disorders · 2022Article
- In utero exposure to antipsychotic medication and psychiatric outcomes in the offspring.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Prenatal Drug Exposure in Children With a History of Neuropsychiatric Care: A Nested Case-Control Study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Stratification by Sex and Hormone Level When Contrasting Men and Women in Schizophrenia Trials Will Improve Personalized Treatment.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lithium and antipsychotics are often prescribed to treat bipolar disorder or psychotic disorders in women of childbearing age. Little is known about the consequences of these medications during pregnancy for the developing child. The objective of this article is to systematically review findings from preclinical and clinical studies that have examined the neurodevelopmental consequences of intrauterine exposure to lithium and antipsychotics. A systematic search was performed in Embase, Medline, Web of Science, PsychINFO, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Clinical and experimental studies were selected if they investigated neurodevelopment of offspring exposed to lithium or antipsychotics during gestation. Quality of clinical and preclinical studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the SYRCLE's risk of Bias tool, respectively. In total, 73 studies were selected for qualitative synthesis and three studies were selected for quantitative synthesis. Of preclinical studies, 93% found one or more adverse effects of prenatal exposure to antipsychotics or lithium on neurodevelopment or behaviour. Only three clinical cohort studies have investigated the consequences of lithium exposure, all of which reported normal development. In 66% of clinical studies regarding antipsychotic exposure, a transient delay in neurodevelopment was observed. The relative risk for neuromotor deficits after in utero exposure to antipsychotics was estimated to be 1.63 (95% CI 1.22-2.19; I
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