ReviewEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2018
Conduct disorder in adolescent females: current state of research and study design of the FemNAT-CD consortium.
Review in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- DNA methylation signatures of aggression and closely related constructs: A meta-analysis of epigenome-wide studies across the lifespan.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- The methylome in females with adolescent Conduct Disorder: Neural pathomechanisms and environmental risk factors.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Stress reactivity of the autonomic nervous system in youth with and without major depressive disorder.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Psychopathy traits and their link to emotion recognition impairments in conduct disorder.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Psychoneuroendocrine stress response in female and male youth with major depressive disorder.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Neural activation during processing of emotional faces as a function of resilience in adolescents.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Maltreatment and parenting in youth with primary and secondary callous-unemotional traits: Anxiety matters.JCPP advances · 2025Article
- Mid-life outcomes of young people's antisocial behavior: the role of developmental heterogeneity across childhood and adolescence.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Machine learning reveals sex differences in distinguishing between conduct-disordered and neurotypical youth based on emotion processing dysfunction.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Does the Relationship between Age and Brain Structure Differ in Youth with Conduct Disorder?Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2024Article
- Social isolation and aggression training lead to escalated aggression and hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis hyperfunction in mice.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Identifying cortical structure markers of resilience to adversity in young people using surface-based morphometry.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2024Article
- White matter microstructure, traumatic brain injury, and disruptive behavior disorders in girls and boys.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Emotion processing in maltreated boys and girls: Evidence for latent vulnerability.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
- An appetite for aggressive behavior? Female rats, too, derive reward from winning aggressive interactions.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Action initiation and punishment learning differ from childhood to adolescence while reward learning remains stable.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Perpetrators and victims of cyberbullying among youth with conduct disorder.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
- Molecular signature of excessive female aggression: study of stressed mice with genetic inactivation of neuronal serotonin synthesis.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2023Article
- Machine learning classification of conduct disorder with high versus low levels of callous-unemotional traits based on facial emotion recognition abilities.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
- A neurocognitive model of early onset persistent and desistant antisocial behavior in early adulthood.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Conduct disorder (CD) is a common and highly impairing psychiatric disorder of childhood and adolescence that frequently leads to poor physical and mental health outcomes in adulthood. The prevalence of CD is substantially higher in males than females, and partly due to this, most research on this condition has used all-male or predominantly male samples. Although the number of females exhibiting CD has increased in recent decades, the majority of studies on neurobiological measures, neurocognitive phenotypes, and treatments for CD have focused on male subjects only, despite strong evidence for sex differences in the aetiology and neurobiology of CD. Here, we selectively review the existing literature on CD and related phenotypes in females, focusing in particular on sex differences in CD symptoms, patterns of psychiatric comorbidity, and callous-unemotional personality traits. We also consider studies investigating the neurobiology of CD in females, with a focus on studies using genetic, structural and functional neuroimaging, psychophysiological, and neuroendocrinological methods. We end the article by providing an overview of the study design of the FemNAT-CD consortium, an interdisciplinary, multi-level and multi-site study that explicitly focuses on CD in females, but which is also investigating sex differences in the causes, developmental course, and neurobiological correlates of CD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.