Trial reportJournal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN2018
Effects of extended-release naltrexone on the brain response to drug-related stimuli in patients with opioid use disorder.
Trial report in Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cue-Elicited Brain Activity and Treatment Outcomes in Substance Use Disorders: A Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Opioid use and dropout from extended-release naltrexone in a controlled trial: implications for mechanism.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2020Trial
- Can the incentive-sensitization theory of addiction incorporate addiction to opioid drugs?Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Long-Acting Naltrexone Restores Network Connectivity in Subjects With Comorbid Cannabis and Opioid Use Disorder.Addiction biology · 2026Article
- Targeting Multiple Gut-Brain Pathways in Obesity: Rationale for Combination Pharmacotherapy.Obesity science & practice · 2026Review
- The Impaired Response Inhibition and Salience Attribution Model of Drug Addiction: Recent Neuroimaging Evidence and Future Directions.Annual review of psychology · 2026Review
- Long-acting naltrexone restores network connectivity in subjects with co-morbid cannabis and opioid use disorder.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Brain network segregation is associated with drug use severity in individuals with opioid use disorder.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Medial prefrontal neuroplasticity during extended-release naltrexone treatment of opioid use disorder - a longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging study.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Neuroimaging of opioid effects in humans across conditions of acute administration, chronic pain therapy, and opioid use disorder.Trends in neurosciences · 2024Review
- Association of Cortico-Striatal Engagement During Cue Reactivity, Reappraisal, and Savoring of Drug and Non-Drug Stimuli With Craving in Heroin Addiction.The American journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Hippocampal volume loss in individuals with a history of non-fatal opioid overdose.Addiction biology · 2023Article
- Depressive Symptomatology Is Associated With Smaller Reductions in Drug Cue Reactivity During Extended-Release Naltrexone Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2023Article
- The neurobiology of drug addiction: cross-species insights into the dysfunction and recovery of the prefrontal cortex.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Review
- Reply to Kunoe (2020) and Ghosh & Singh (2020) regarding Nunes et al. (2020): Opioid use and dropout from extended-release naltrexone in a controlled trial: implications for mechanism.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2020Article
- Improving naltrexone compliance and outcomes with putative pro- dopamine regulator KB220, compared to treatment as usual.Journal of systems and integrative neuroscience · 2020Article
- Perceptions and preferences for long-acting injectable and implantable medications in comparison to short-acting medications for opioid use disorders.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2020Article
- Impulsivity and Response Inhibition Related Brain Networks in Adolescents With Internet Gaming Disorder: A Preliminary Study Utilizing Resting-State fMRI.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- Cingulo-hippocampal effective connectivity positively correlates with drug-cue attentional bias in opioid use disorder.Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2019Article
- Naltrexone Acutely Enhances Connectivity Between the Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex and a Left Frontoparietal Network.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHeightened response to drug-related cues is a hallmark of addiction. Extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) is a US Food and Drug Administration-approved pharmacotherapy for relapse prevention in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). In these patients, XR-NTX has been shown to reduce brain responses to opioid-related visual stimuli. To assess the biomarker potential of this phenomenon, it is necessary to determine whether this effect is limited to opioid-related stimuli and whether it is associated with key OUD symptoms.
methodsUsing functional MRI (fMRI), we measured the brain responses to opioid-related and control (i.e., sexual and aversive) images in detoxified patients with OUD before, during and after XR-NTX treatment. Craving and withdrawal severity were evaluated using clinician- and self-administered instruments during each session.
resultsWe included 24 patients with OUD in our analysis. During XR-NTX treatment, we found reduced responses to opioid-related stimuli in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC). The reduction in mOFC response was specific to the opioid-related stimuli. The reduced NAcc and mOFC opioid cue reactivity was correlated with reduction in clinician-assessed and self-reported withdrawal symptoms, respectively. LIMITATIONS: The study was not placebo-controlled owing to ethical, safety and feasibility concerns.
conclusionExtended-release naltrexone reduces the NAcc and mOFC cue reactivity in patients with OUD. This effect is specific to opioid-related stimuli in the mOFC only. The reduction in neural response to opioid-related stimuli is more robust in patients with greater decline in withdrawal severity. Our results support the clinical utility of mesocorticolimbic cue reactivity in monitoring the XR-NTX treatment outcomes and highlight the link between opioid withdrawal symptomatology and neural opioid cue reactivity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
29947607PMC6019353What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.