ArticleThe International journal of social psychiatry2018
Pathways to care among psychiatric outpatients in a tertiary mental health institution in Singapore.
Article in The International journal of social psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Influences on help-seeking for serious mental illness in Dhaka, bangladesh: a mixed-methods study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Pathway to care and time to treatment among patients attending psychiatry service at Dilla, Ethiopia, a cross-sectional study.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
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- Article
- Help-Seeking Patterns Among the General Population in Singapore: Results from the Singapore Mental Health Study 2016.Administration and policy in mental health · 2021Article
- Gender difference in quality of life (QoL) among outpatients with schizophrenia in a tertiary care setting.BMC psychiatry · 2021Article
- The Influence of Mental Health Literacy, Migration, and Education on the Duration of Untreated Psychosis.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Care-seeking pathways, care challenges, and coping experiences of rural women living with rheumatoid arthritis in Odisha, India.Primary health care research & development · 2019Article
- Cognitive insight and quality of life among psychiatric outpatients.BMC psychiatry · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundPathways to care studies in Singapore are of high interest given the cultural diversity and various sources of help available for those with mental illnesses, ranging from the more traditional to tertiary-level mental health care services.
aimThe current study aimed to explore the associations of patients' socio-demographic characteristics with pathways to first contact and duration of untreated mental illness.
methodA total of 402 participants were recruited through convenience sampling. A pathway to care form was used to gather systematic information about the sources of care utilized by participants before approaching a mental health professional. Data were analysed using multinomial logistic regression and multiple linear regression models to assess the associations.
resultsMajority of participants reported primary care (36.0%) as their first point of contact, followed by non-formal sources of help (33.8%), specialist care (21.8%), police/court (4.0%), websites/media (3.3%) and religious/traditional treatment (1.3%). Those belonging to Malay and Indian ethnicity (vs Chinese) were more likely to make first contact with non-formal sources of help than primary care. Those who received a diagnosis of any mood or anxiety disorder (vs schizophrenia and related psychoses) were less likely to make first contact with specialist care or non-formal sources of help than primary care. Those who were separated/divorced/widowed were significantly associated with higher duration of untreated illness compared to those who were single. Participants whose family/relative initiated the first contact were significantly associated with a shorter duration of untreated illness compared to those who initiated first contact on their own.
conclusionFindings suggest the determinants of the pathways to first contact and duration of untreated illness included diagnosis, ethnicity, marital status and family initiating the first contact. The pathways adopted by these participants need to be kept in mind for planning mental health programmes.
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