ArticleReproductive health2018
Trends and determinants of stillbirth in developing countries: results from the Global Network's Population-Based Birth Registry.
Article in Reproductive health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01073475 (Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research Maternal Newborn Health Registry), which is not on this map. Cited by 66 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research Maternal Newborn Health Registry
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 128 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the evidence on stillbirth prevention across the reproductive continuum: an umbrella review.BMJ open · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and risk factors associated with adverse birth outcome in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis.African health sciences · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the globally reported International Classification of Diseases to Perinatal Mortality (ICD-PM).Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of antenatal care on low birth weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis in Africa, 2022.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Perinatal mortality and its association with antenatal care visit, maternal tetanus toxoid immunization and partograph utilization in Ethiopia: a meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- The effect of antenatal care on perinatal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Adverse fetal outcomes and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2020Pooled it
- Understanding stillbirths and maternal deaths in Pakistan: evidence from a national household survey.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Exposure to air and water pollution during pregnancy and risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in São Paulo State: protocol for a retrospective population-based cohort study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of adverse birth outcomes in Bangladesh: Insight from a nationwide survey.PloS one · 2026Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with stillbirth in mothers delivered by cesarean section at Orotta National Referral Maternity Hospital: case-control study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Parents' experience of child loss during pregnancy or birth: protocol for an explorative, sequential and participative mixed-methods study.Research involvement and engagement · 2025Review
- Term stillbirths in Eastern Uganda: a community-based prospective cohort study.Global health action · 2025Article
- Trends in perinatal mortality and its determinants in Ethiopia using longitudinal data from the demographic surveillance system (2009-2016).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Advanced maternal age increases the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes: a comparative study in Ethiopia.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Article
- Development of a midwifery regulatory environment index using data from the Global Midwives' Associations map survey.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Predictors of stillbirth at Tema General Hospital: a registry-based retrospective study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Perceived causes and contributory conditions for perinatal death: perspectives of midwives, parents, and communities in Northwest Ethiopia-a qualitative study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Predictors of perinatal mortality in emerging regions of Ethiopia: Evidence from EDHS 2016.PloS one · 2025Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
28 authors at 13 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStillbirth rates remain high, especially in low and middle-income countries, where rates are 25 per 1000, ten-fold higher than in high-income countries. The United Nations' Every Newborn Action Plan has set a goal of 12 stillbirths per 1000 births by 2030 for all countries.
methodsFrom a population-based pregnancy outcome registry, including data from 2010 to 2016 from two sites each in Africa (Zambia and Kenya) and India (Nagpur and Belagavi), as well as sites in Pakistan and Guatemala, we evaluated the stillbirth rates and rates of annual decline as well as risk factors for 427,111 births of which 12,181 were stillbirths.
resultsThe mean stillbirth rates for the sites were 21.3 per 1000 births for Africa, 25.3 per 1000 births for India, 56.9 per 1000 births for Pakistan and 19.9 per 1000 births for Guatemala. From 2010 to 2016, across all sites, the mean stillbirth rate declined from 31.7 per 1000 births to 26.4 per 1000 births for an average annual decline of 3.0%. Risk factors for stillbirth were similar across the sites and included maternal age < 20 years and age > 35 years. Compared to parity 1-2, zero parity and parity > 3 were both associated with increased stillbirth risk and compared to women with any prenatal care, women with no prenatal care had significantly increased risk of stillbirth in all sites.
conclusionsAt the current rates of decline, stillbirth rates in these sites will not reach the Every Newborn Action Plan goal of 12 per 1000 births by 2030. More attention to the risk factors and treating the causes of stillbirths will be required to reach the Every Newborn Action Plan goal of stillbirth reduction.
trial registrationNCT01073475 .
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.