Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29944967›Full record

ArticleDiabetes research and clinical practice2018

Cost-related medication non-adherence among U.S. adults with diabetes.

Hyojung Kang, Jennifer Mason Lobo, Soyoun Kim, Min-Woong Sohn

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
75citing papers in PubMed
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

75 citing papers in PubMed, 111 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trends in annual medication possession in older adults with type 2 diabetes.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hyojung KangDepartment of Systems and Information Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States. Electronic address: hk7z@virginia.edu.
Jennifer Mason LoboDepartment of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States. Electronic address: jem4yb@virginia.edu.
Soyoun KimDepartment of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States. Electronic address: sk4uy@virginia.edu.
Min-Woong SohnDepartment of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States. Electronic address: msohn@virginia.edu.
University of Virginia · USEngineering Systems (United States) · US

Funding

Detecting, Understanding, and Reducing Diabetes Belt Preventive Care DisparitiesR01DK113295 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI LOBO, JENNIFER MASON, SOHN, MIN-WOONG · 2018 to 2021
$2.2M
Comparative Effectiveness of Dynamic Patterns of Glucose Lowering TherapiesR01HS018542 · AHRQ · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI HUANG, ELBERT S. · 2012 to 2015
$1.3M
AHRQ HHS R01 HS018542NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK113295
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo examine factors that affect cost-related medication non-adherence (CRN), defined as taking medication less than as prescribed because of cost, among adults with diabetes and to determine their relative contribution in explaining CRN.

methodsBehavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data for 2013-2014 were used to identify individuals with diabetes and their CRN. We modeled CRN as a function of financial factors, regimen complexity, and other contextual factors including diabetes care, lifestyle, and health factors. Dominance analysis was performed to rank these factors by relative importance.

resultsCRN among U.S. adults with diabetes was 16.5%. Respondents with annual income <$50,000 and without health insurance were more likely to report CRN, compared to those with income ≥$50,000 and those with insurance, respectively. Insulin users had 1.24 times higher risk of CRN compared to those not on insulin. Contextual factors that significantly affected CRN included diabetes care factors, lifestyle factors, and comorbid depression, arthritis, and COPD/asthma. Dominance analysis showed health insurance was the most important factor for respondents <65 and depression was the most important factor for respondents ≥65.

conclusionsIn addition to traditional risk factors of CRN, compliance with annual recommendations for diabetes and healthy lifestyle were associated with lower CRN. Policies and social supports that address these contextual factors may help improve CRN.

Indexed as

Drug MonitoringAgedDiabetes MellitusFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedUnited StatesDiabetesIncomeInsuranceLifestyleMedication adherence

Identifiers

PMID29944967
PMCPMC6204232
OpenAlexW2810733222

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.