ArticleAnaerobe2018
Neutralization of macrophage migration inhibitory factor improves host survival after Clostridium difficile infection.
Article in Anaerobe, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phenotypic profiling of neutrophils in acuteGut microbes · 2026Article
- Olfactomedin-4Infection and immunity · 2026Article
- Metabolic plasticity enables Clostridioides difficile growth in coculture with neutrophils and other mammalian cells.Anaerobe · 2025Article
- Effect of Leptin Receptor Q223R Polymorphism on Clostridioides difficile Infection-Induced Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Production.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Interplay between Bile Acids and Intestinal Microbiota: Regulatory Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential for Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- The Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase (D-DT/MIF-2) in Infections: A Clinical Perspective.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Host Immune Responses toTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- Loss of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) Signaling Promotes IL-22-Dependent Host Defenses against Acute Clostridioides difficile Infection.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Obeticholic acid ameliorates severity of Clostridioides difficile infection in high fat diet-induced obese mice.Mucosal immunology · 2021Article
- S100B Inhibition Attenuates Intestinal Damage and Diarrhea Severity DuringFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Leptin Receptor q223r Polymorphism InfluencesFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Probiotics Exhibit Strain-Specific Protective Effects in T84 Cells Challenged WithFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- The cytokine MIF controls daily rhythms of symbiont nutrition in an animal-bacterial association.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Article
- Therapeutic Mechanism of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1 α Neutralizing Antibody (CCL3) in Clostridium difficile Infection in Mice.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is an important cause of nosocomial diarrhea in the western world. Toxins (A, B, and binary toxins) generated by C. difficile bacteria damage intestinal epithelial cells. Hallmarks of host response to C. difficile infection (CDI) include upregulation of inflammatory mediators and tissue infiltration by immune cells. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an inflammatory cytokine that is known to enhance the host immune response to infectious pathogens. Additionally, MIF can adversely impact host survival to numerous infections. The role of MIF in the pathogenesis of CDI remains poorly understood. Here, we show that patients with CDI had significantly higher circulating MIF compared to patients who had diarrhea but tested negative for C. difficile (non-CDI controls). Similarly, in a mouse model, C. difficile challenge significantly increased levels of plasma and tissue MIF. Antibody-mediated depletion of MIF decreased C. difficile-induced inflammatory responses, clinical disease, and mortality. Together, these results uncover a potential role for MIF in exacerbating CDI and suggest that use of anti-MIF antibodies may represent a therapeutic strategy to curb host inflammatory responses and improve disease outcomes in CDI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.