ArticlePloS one2018
Restoration of T Cell function in multi-drug resistant bacterial sepsis after interleukin-7, anti-PD-L1, and OX-40 administration.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic Hyperthermia Is Associated With Improved Survival in Afebrile Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: A Pilot Randomized Trial.Critical care medicine · 2022Trial
- T Cell- and Monocyte-Specific RNA-Sequencing Analysis in Septic and Nonseptic Critically Ill Patients and in Patients with Cancer.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Trial
- Host-directed immune therapies: a second front in the battle against sepsis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- T-cell dysfunction and death in sepsis: a mechanistic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- T cell exhaustion in parasitic infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Sepsis subphenotypes, theragnostics and personalized sepsis care.Intensive care medicine · 2025Review
- Comparing the clinical characteristics and risk factors of prognosis in pediatric ARDS with and without malignancies: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- An international observational study validating gene-expression sepsis immune subgroups.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Observational
- Potential of interleukin-7 in sepsis as a biomarker and therapeutic agent: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Gene expression signatures in blood from a West African sepsis cohort define host response phenotypes.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Regulatory role of the programmed cell death 1 signaling pathway in sepsis induced immunosuppression.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The implication of targeting PD-1:PD-L1 pathway in treating sepsis through immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory pathways.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- High-resolution imaging of protein secretion at the single-cell level using plasmon-enhanced FluoroDOT assay.Cell reports methods · 2022Article
- Cellular and molecular mechanisms of IMMunE dysfunction and Recovery from SEpsis-related critical illness in adults: An observational cohort study (IMMERSE) protocol paper.Journal of the Intensive Care Society · 2022Article
- The Interplay between Host Defense, Infection, and Clinical Status in Septic Patients: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- A novel virotherapy encoding human interleukin-7 improvesFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- PD-L1 maintains neutrophil extracellular traps release by inhibiting neutrophil autophagy in endotoxin-induced lung injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Expression of PD-1 on Memory T Lymphocytes Predicts 28-Day Mortality of Patients with Sepsis: A Prospective Observational Study.Journal of inflammation research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMultidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens are a serious problem of increasing importance facing the medical community. MDR bacteria typically infect the most immunologically vulnerable: patients in intensive care units, patients with extensive comorbidities, oncology patients, hemodialysis patients, and other immune suppressed individuals are likely to fall victim to these pathogens. One promising novel approach to treatment of MDR bacteria is immuno-adjuvant therapy to boost patient immunity. Success with this strategy would have the major benefit of providing protection against a number of MDR pathogens.
objectivesThis study had two main objectives. First, immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with sepsis associated with MDR bacteria was performed to examine for findings indicative of immunosuppression. Second, the ability of three immuno-adjuvants with distinct mechanisms of action to reverse CD4 and CD8 T cell dysfunction, a pathophysiological hallmark of sepsis, was evaluated.
resultsSeptic patients with MDR bacteria had increased expression of the inhibitory receptor PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 and decreased monocyte HLA-DR expression compared to non-septic patients. All three immuno-adjuvants, IL-7, anti-PD-L1, and OX-40L, increased T cell production of IFN-γ in a subset of septic patients with MDR bacteria: IL-7 was most efficacious. There was a strong trend toward increased mortality in patients whose T cells failed to increase IFN-γ production in response to the three treatments.
conclusionImmuno-adjuvant therapy reversed T cell dysfunction, a key pathophysiological mechanism in septic patients with MDR bacteria.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.