ArticlePloS one2018
Estimates of visual impairment and its causes from the National Eye Survey in Malaysia (NESII).
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Myopia prevalence in Malaysian children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Patient reported outcome measurements (PROM) of cataract surgery: comparison of outcomes between hospital-based versus outreach cataract centre: a prospective cohort study.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
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- Cataract referral practice and associated factors among primary healthcare workers in Central Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Validation of Malay-vision disability assessment (VDA) questionnaire and its application to assess the functional disability among cataract patients of a tertiary medical centre in Malaysia.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Safety and efficacy of "hydro-fluorescein" technique in removing Tenon in pterygium surgery: a 1-year follow-up study.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Improvement in the effective cataract surgical coverage in Malaysia: evidence of impact from a mobile cataract outreach program.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Effects of ranibizumab on microvasculature, oxidative stress and recurrence in primary pterygium surgery.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
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- Changing trend of cataract blindness and visual outcomes after cataract surgery in adults aged 50 years and older: findings from the national eye surveys in Malaysia.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Development and validation of a novel questionnaire regarding vision screening among preschool teachers in Malaysia.International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Prevalence of visual impairment and its causes in adults aged 50 years and older: Estimates from the National Eye Surveys in Malaysia.PloS one · 2024Article
- Prevalence of visual impairment and eye diseases in Malaysia: A cross-sectional prospective study at the University of Malaya Medical Centre.Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia · 2024Article
- Article
- Comparing the Effectiveness and Adherence between Fixed and Non-Fixed Dorzolamide/Timolol Maleate in Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia.The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS · 2023Article
- Article
- Evaluating Cataract Surgical Rate through Smart Partnership between Ministry of Health, Malaysia and Federal Territory Islamic Religious Council.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Lockdown: The Impact on Management of Glaucoma in a Suburban Tertiary Centre in Malaysia.Cureus · 2023Article
- Association between vision and cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults in Selangor, Malaysia.International journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPopulation-based data on prevalence, causes of blindness and extent of ophthalmological coverage is required for efficient implementation and evaluation of ocular health programs. In view of the scarcity of prevalence data for visual impairment and blindness in Malaysia, this study aims to estimate the prevalence and causes of visual impairment (VI) in the elderly, using Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) survey technique.
methodsMalaysia was divided into six regions, with each region consisting of 50 clusters. Multistage cluster sampling method was used and each cluster contained 50 residents aged 50 years and above. Eligible subjects were interviewed and pertinent demographic details, barriers to cataract surgery, medical and ocular history was noted. Subjects had visual acuity assessment with tumbling 'E' Snellen optotypes and ocular examination with direct ophthalmoscope. The primary cause of VI was documented. Results were calculated for individual zones and weighted average was used to obtain overall prevalence for the country. Inter-regional and overall prevalence for blindness, severe VI and moderate VI were determined. Causes of VI, cataract surgical coverage and barriers to cataract surgery were assessed.
resultsA total of 15,000 subjects were examined with a response rate of 95.3%. The age and gender-adjusted prevalence of blindness, severe visual impairment and moderate visual impairment were 1.2% (95% Confidence Interval: 1.0-1.4%), 1.0% (95%CI: 0.8-1.2%) and 5.9% (5.3-6.5%) respectively. Untreated cataract (58.6%), diabetic retinopathy (10.4%) and glaucoma (6.6%) were the commonest causes of blindness. Overall, 86.3% of the causes of blindness were avoidable. Cataract surgical coverage (CSC) in persons for blindness, severe visual impairment and moderate visual impairment was 90%, 86% and 66% respectively.
conclusionIncreased patient education and further expansion of ophthalmological services are required to reduce avoidable blindness even further in Malaysia.
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