ArticlePeerJ2018
Comparative health assessment of urban and non-urban free-ranging mule deer (
Article in PeerJ, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Twenty years of ungulate disease surveillance by the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (2003-2022).PloS one · 2026Article
- Seroprevalence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The role of species ecology in predicting Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in wild and domesticated mammals globally.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Adenoviral hemorrhagic disease in a farmed elkThe Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne · 2023Article
- Human density is associated with the increased prevalence of a generalist zoonotic parasite in mammalian wildlife.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2021Article
- Landscape Seroprevalence of Three Hemorrhagic Disease-Causing Viruses in a Wild Cervid.EcoHealth · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe provincial wildlife management agency, British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development, performed a translocation to control the urban mule deer (
methodsTwo hundred free-ranging mule deer were captured in urban and non-urban environments in the Kootenay region from 2014 to 2017. BCS and morphometric examinations were performed for each deer. Blood samples collected from each deer were tested for exposure to selected pathogens and pregnancy status.
resultsBody condition scores averaged 3.4 on a five-point scale, was greater in nuMD, and significantly differed between years. Antibodies were detected for adenovirus hemorrhagic disease virus (38.4% (uMD 43.7%, nuMD 33.3%)), bluetongue virus (0.6% (uMD 1.2%, nuMD 0%)), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (8.4% (uMD 4.6%, nuMD 12.1%)), bovine viral diarrhea virus (1.1% (uMD 0%, nuMD 2.2%)), bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (27.0% (uMD 27.6%, nuMD 26.4%)), DISCUSSION: Comparison of BCS, pregnancy rates and pathogen exposure of uMD and nuMD showed that the health of the two populations did not significantly differ, suggesting uMD translocations do not pose a severe risk of pathogen transmission between mule deer populations and that these selected pathogens do not factor in the decline of the nuMD population. However, inclusion of additional health indicators and creation of a robust predictive disease model are warranted to further characterize the health of mule deer and the health risks associated with uMD translocations. These results should be considered as part of a formal risk assessment for future uMD translocations in southeastern British Columbia.
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