ReviewMolecular ecology2018
Evaluating genomic signatures of "the large X-effect" during complex speciation.
Review in Molecular ecology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolutionary Models for the Diversification of Placental Mammals Across the KPg Boundary.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Pooled it
- Crossing experiments suggest a simple genetic basis of complex male self-sacrifice phenotypes in widow spiders.Biology letters · 2026Article
- Evolution of genome-wide barriers to gene flow during complex speciation in rattlesnakes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Genomic Signatures of Speciation in Butterflies.Systematic biology · 2026Article
- Estimation of genome-wide coupling in rattlesnake hybrids provides insight into the process of speciation and its progress.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Genome Architecture and Speciation in Plants and Animals.Molecular ecology · 2025Review
- Evidence that genetic drift not adaptation drives fast-Z and large-Z effects in Ficedula flycatchers.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- The genetics of extrinsic postzygotic selection in a migratory divide between subspecies of the Swainson's thrush.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Phylogenomics resolves key relationships inEvolution letters · 2025Article
- Hierarchical architecture of neo-sex chromosomes and accelerated adaptive evolution in tortricid moths.Genome research · 2025Article
- Persistent Gene Flow Suggests an Absence of Reproductive Isolation in an African Antelope Speciation Model.Systematic biology · 2024Article
- A Minimal Hybrid Sterility Genome Assembled by Chromosome Swapping Between Mouse Subspecies (Mus musculus).Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Beyond Haldane's rule: Sex-biased hybrid dysfunction for all modes of sex determination.eLife · 2024Review
- Sex chromosome turnover plays an important role in the maintenance of barriers to post-speciation introgression in willows.Evolution letters · 2024Article
- Identification and genetic analysis of a pervasive 'needle-eye' sperm phenotype inProceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Do genetic loci that cause reproductive isolation in the lab inhibit gene flow in nature?Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2024Article
- A polygenic explanation for Haldane's rule in butterflies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- A Chinese indicine pangenome reveals a wealth of novel structural variants introgressed from otherGenome research · 2023Article
- Hybrid breakdown in male reproduction between recently diverged Drosophila melanogaster populations has a complex and variable genetic architecture.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2023Article
- 100 years of Haldane's rule.Journal of evolutionary biology · 2023Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The ubiquity of the "two rules of speciation"-Haldane's rule and the large X-effect-implies a general, special role for sex chromosomes in the evolution of intrinsic postzygotic reproductive isolation. The recent proliferation of genome-scale analyses has revealed two further general observations: (a) complex speciation involving some form of gene flow is not uncommon, and (b) sex chromosomes in male- and in female-heterogametic taxa tend to show elevated differentiation relative to autosomes. Together, these observations are consistent with speciation histories in which population genetic differentiation at autosomal loci is reduced by gene flow while natural selection against hybrid incompatibilities renders sex chromosomes relatively refractory to gene flow. Here, I summarize multilocus population genetic and population genomic evidence for greater differentiation on the X (or Z) vs. the autosomes and consider the possible causes. I review common population genetic circumstances involving no selection and/or no interspecific gene flow that are nevertheless expected to elevate differentiation on sex chromosomes relative to autosomes. I then review theory for why large X-effects exist for hybrid incompatibilities and, more generally, for loci mediating local adaptation. The observed levels of sex chromosome vs. autosomal differentiation, in many cases, appear consistent with simple explanations requiring neither large X-effects nor gene flow. Discerning signatures of large X-effects during complex speciation will therefore require analyses that go beyond chromosome-scale summaries of population genetic differentiation, explicitly test for differential introgression, and/or integrate experimental genetic data.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.