ArticleAutophagy2018
AT 101 induces early mitochondrial dysfunction and HMOX1 (heme oxygenase 1) to trigger mitophagic cell death in glioma cells.
Article in Autophagy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The application of nanotechnology in regulating mitochondrial function in tumor microenvironment for cancer therapy.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Nanomedicine Approaches for Autophagy Modulation in Cancer Therapy.Small science · 2025Article
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- Targeting PTGDS Promotes ferroptosis in peripheral T cell lymphoma through regulating HMOX1-mediated iron metabolism.British journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Exploring the Efficacy and Target Genes ofCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Deapioplatycodin D inhibits glioblastoma cell proliferation by inducing BNIP3L-mediated incomplete mitophagy.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- MANF facilitates breast cancer cell survival under glucose-starvation conditions via PRKN-mediated mitophagy regulation.Autophagy · 2025Article
- Mitophagy: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Tuberculosis Immunotherapy.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- Mechanism and regulation of mitophagy in liver diseases: a review.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Mitophagy-related regulated cell death: molecular mechanisms and disease implications.Cell death & disease · 2024Review
- CLU (clusterin) and PPARGC1A/PGC1α coordinately control mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis for oral cancer cell survival.Autophagy · 2024Article
- Identification of a novel form of caspase-independent cell death triggered by BH3-mimetics in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell lines.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Platycodin D2 enhances P21/CyclinA2-mediated senescence of HCC cells by regulating NIX-induced mitophagy.Cancer cell international · 2024Article
- Combining organotypic tissue culture with light-sheet microscopy (OTCxLSFM) to study glioma invasion.EMBO reports · 2023Article
- The role of mitochondrial dynamics in disease.MedComm · 2023Review
- Upstream open reading frame-encoded MP31 disrupts the mitochondrial quality control process and inhibits tumorigenesis in glioblastoma.Neuro-oncology · 2023Article
- A Thia-Analogous IndirubinCells · 2023Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In most cases, macroautophagy/autophagy serves to alleviate cellular stress and acts in a pro-survival manner. However, the effects of autophagy are highly contextual, and autophagic cell death (ACD) is emerging as an alternative paradigm of (stress- and drug-induced) cell demise. AT 101 ([-]-gossypol), a natural compound from cotton seeds, induces ACD in glioma cells as confirmed here by CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of ATG5 that partially, but significantly rescued cell survival following AT 101 treatment. Global proteomic analysis of AT 101-treated U87MG and U343 glioma cells revealed a robust decrease in mitochondrial protein clusters, whereas HMOX1 (heme oxygenase 1) was strongly upregulated. AT 101 rapidly triggered mitochondrial membrane depolarization, engulfment of mitochondria within autophagosomes and a significant reduction of mitochondrial mass and proteins that did not depend on the presence of BAX and BAK1. Conversely, AT 101-induced reduction of mitochondrial mass could be reversed by inhibiting autophagy with wortmannin, bafilomycin A ABBREVIATIONS: ACD, autophagic cell death; ACN, acetonitrile; AT 101, (-)-gossypol; BAF, bafilomycin A
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.