ArticleThe Science of the total environment2018
Unconventional oil and gas chemicals and wastewater-impacted water samples promote adipogenesis via PPARγ-dependent and independent mechanisms in 3T3-L1 cells.
Article in The Science of the total environment, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathways for Potential Exposure to Onshore Oil and Gas Wastewater: What We Need to Know to Protect Human Health.GeoHealth · 2025Review
- IMPACT OF REAL-LIFE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES ON REPRODUCTION: Evidence for reproductive health effects following exposure to hydraulic fracturing chemical mixtures.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2024Review
- Article
- Adipogenic and endocrine disrupting mixture effects of organic and inorganic pollutant mixtures.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Obesity II: Establishing causal links between chemical exposures and obesity.Biochemical pharmacology · 2022Review
- Climate Change and Obesity.Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme · 2021Review
- The endocrine disruptor cadmium: a new player in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Review
- The Perspective and Challenge of Nanomaterials in Oil and Gas Wastewater Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The new kids on the block: Emerging obesogens.Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) · 2021Review
- Developmental exposure to a mixture of unconventional oil and gas chemicals: A review of experimental effects on adult health, behavior, and disease.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2020Review
- How fossil fuel-derived pesticides and plastics harm health, biodiversity, and the climate.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2020Review
- The impact of several hydraulic fracking chemicals on Nile tilapia and evaluation of the protective effects of Spirulina platensis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
- Assessment of total, ligand-induced peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ ligand activity in serum.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2019Article
- Endocrine-Mediated Mechanisms of Metabolic Disruption and New Approaches to Examine the Public Health Threat.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Developmental Exposure to a Mixture of Unconventional Oil and Gas Chemicals Increased Risk-Taking Behavior, Activity and Energy Expenditure in Aged Female Mice After a Metabolic Challenge.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Unconventional oil and natural gas (UOG) operations have contributed to a surge in domestic oil and natural gas production in the United States, combining horizontal drilling with hydraulic fracturing to unlock previously inaccessible fossil fuel deposits. >1000 organic chemicals are used in the production process, and wastewater is produced following injection and for the life of the producing well. This wastewater is typically disposed of via injecting into disposal wells for long-term storage, treatment and discharge from wastewater treatment plants, and/or storage in open evaporation pits; however, wastewater spill rates are reported at 2-20% of active well sites across regions, increasing concerns about the environmental impacts of these wastewaters. This study assessed adipogenic activity (both triglyceride accumulation and pre-adipocyte proliferation) for a mixture of 23 commonly used UOG chemicals and a small subset of UOG wastewater-impacted surface water extracts from Colorado and West Virginia, using 3T3-L1 cells and a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) reporter assay. We report potent and efficacious adipogenic activity induced by both a laboratory-created UOG chemical mixture and UOG-impacted water samples at concentrations below environmental levels. We further report activation of PPARγ at similar concentrations for some samples, suggesting a causative molecular pathway for the observed effects, but not for other adipogenic samples, implicating PPARγ-dependent and independent effects from UOG associated chemicals. Taken together, these results suggest that UOG wastewater has the potential to impact metabolic health at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.