SynthesisMolecular psychiatry2019
Effects of medication-assisted treatment on mortality among opioids users: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Molecular psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 190 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
190 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 382 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline
- Management of opioid use disorder: 2024 update to the national clinical practice guideline.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2024Guideline
- The association between benzodiazepine co-prescription, opioid agonist treatment and mortality: a systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Medication for opioid use disorder in the Arab World: A systematic review.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Pooled it
- Interim opioid agonist treatment for opioid addiction: a systematic review.Harm reduction journal · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review of GWAS identified SNPs associated with outcomes of medications for opioid use disorder.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2021Pooled it
- Assessing HIV and overdose risks for people who use drugs exposed to compulsory drug abstinence programs (CDAP): A systematic review and meta-analysis.The International journal on drug policy · 2021Pooled it
- Opioid-related treatment, interventions, and outcomes among incarcerated persons: A systematic review.PLoS medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Opioid use disorder in primary care: PEER umbrella systematic review of systematic reviews.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2019Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness of the START Hospital Addiction Consultation Service for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Differences in benefits of office based opioid treatment: Secondary analyses across sub-groups in the PROUD randomized controlled implementation trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Adiposity and inflammation mediate altered metabolic profile in individuals with opioid use disorder.Journal of psychiatric research · 2026Article
- Would we, could we? Measuring attitudinal and capacity barriers to supporting recovery housing residents on medication for opioid use disorder.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026Article
- Medication transitions and predictors of illicit substance use during opioid agonist treatment: a three-year follow-up study.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Observational
- Medications for opioid use disorder, recovery supports, and overdose risk -- a database linkage study of a rural cohort of people who inject drugs and use opioids.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The use of cellphone based automated pupillometry to quantify opioid withdrawal in patients receiving treatment for opioid use disorder.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026Article
- Adiposity and inflammation mediate altered metabolic profiles in individuals with opioid use disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Buprenorphine Microinduction Treatment in Tri-Diagnosis Patients with Opioid Use Disorder and Chronic Non-Cancerous Pain.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- Cascade of Care for Opioid Use Disorder Among Medicaid Beneficiaries.JAMA network open · 2026Article
130 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is associated with a high risk of premature death. Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is the primary treatment for opioid dependence. We comprehensively assessed the effects of different MAT-related characteristics on mortality among those with OUD by a systematic review and meta-analysis. The all-cause and overdose crude mortality rates (CMRs) and relative risks (RRs) by treatment status, different type, period, and dose of medication, and retention time were pooled using random effects, subgroup analysis, and meta-regression. Thirty cohort studies involving 370,611 participants (1,378,815 person-years) were eligible in the meta-analysis. From 21 studies, the pooled all-cause CMRs were 0.92 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 0.79-1.04) while receiving MAT, 1.69 (1.47-1.91) after cessation, and 4.89 (3.54-6.23) for untreated period. Based on 16 studies, the pooled overdose CMRs were 0.24 (0.20-0.28) while receiving MAT, 0.68 (0.55-0.80) after cessation of MAT, and 2.43 (1.72-3.15) for untreated period. Compared with patients receiving MAT, untreated participants had higher risk of all-cause mortality (RR 2.56 [95% CI: 1.72-3.80]) and overdose mortality (8.10 [4.48-14.66]), and discharged participants had higher risk of all-cause death (2.33 [2.02-2.67]) and overdose death (3.09 [2.37-4.01]). The all-cause CMRs during and after opioid substitution treatment with methadone or buprenorphine were 0.93 (0.76-1.10) and 1.79 (1.47-2.10), and corresponding estimate for antagonist naltrexone treatment were 0.26 (0-0.59) and 1.97 (0-5.18), respectively. Retention in MAT of over 1-year was associated with a lower mortality rate than that with retention ≤1 year (1.62, 1.31-1.93 vs. 5.31, -0.09-10.71). Improved coverage and adherence to MAT and post-treatment follow-up are crucial to reduce the mortality. Long-acting naltrexone showed positive advantage on prevention of premature death among persons with OUD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.