ArticleJournal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education2019
How Is Health Literacy Related to Pap Testing Among US Women?
Article in Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the accuracy and consistency of responses from Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer in human papillomavirus infection and protection.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2026Article
- Beyond Vaccination: Exploring Young Adults' Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitudes Related to Sexually Transmitted Infections in Romania.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Improving Patient Education Materials for HPV Self-Collection: Insights from Women at High Risk of Developing Cervical Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2025Article
- Cyberchondria, Health Literacy, and Perception of Risk in Croatian Patients with Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV-A Cross-Sectional Study.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Sociodemographic factors associated with HPV awareness/knowledge and cervical cancer screening behaviors among caregivers in the U.S.BMC women's health · 2022Article
- Awareness Levels of the Link Between Oropharyngeal Cancer and HPV Infection Among Spanish Women: a Hospital-Based Cross-sectional Study.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2022Article
- The Impact of Continuity of Care on Cervical Cancer Screening: How Visit Pattern Affects Guideline Concordance.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2022Article
- Is Pap Test Awareness Critical to Pap Test Uptake in Women Living in Rural Vietnam?Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2021Article
- Social and Demographic Patterns of Health-Related Internet Use Among Adults in the United States: A Secondary Data Analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While Pap testing has significantly reduced the burden of cervical cancer, not all women follow prevention recommendations of cervical cancer screening every 3 years. Health literacy regarding Pap testing may influence the adoption of this behavior. The objective of this study was to assess the health literacy-related factors associated with Pap testing among a nationally representative sample of women in the USA. The Health Information National Trends Survey Cycles 4.4 and 5.1 were restricted to women 21-65 years of age (N = 2992). Questions were selected using the Integrated Model of Health Literacy domains: access (i.e., seeking cancer information), understand (i.e., HPV awareness, HPV knowledge), appraise (i.e., prevention not possible, chance of getting cancer), and apply (i.e., received a Pap in last 3 years [outcome]). Survey-weighted, logistic regression models estimated how the health literacy domains were associated with Pap testing, using SAS 9.4. In the sample, 81.1% of women received a Pap test within the last 3 years. The analysis revealed women who knew HPV is an STD (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.20-2.26) were more likely to have received a Pap test in the last 3 years, while controlling for sociodemographic factors. These findings indicate that knowledge about HPV may be associated with Pap testing behavior among US women. Continued research is needed to examine the impact of health literacy on Pap testing given the changes in screening guidelines, with the ultimate goal of decreasing cervical cancer.
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