ArticleEGEMS (Washington, DC)2017
Illustrating Informed Presence Bias in Electronic Health Records Data: How Patient Interactions with a Health System Can Impact Inference.
Article in EGEMS (Washington, DC), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Informative presence and observation in routine health data: A review of methodology for clinical risk prediction.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2021Pooled it
- Structural requirements for intelligent clinical digital twins in feedback-driven care.npj health systems · 2026Review
- Bias and Fairness Across the Healthcare AI Lifecycle: A Clinician-Oriented Review.Balkan medical journal · 2026Review
- Generating evidence using electronic alerts during routine care: a fully automated randomized controlled trial of oral fluid restriction in acute heart failure (THIRST alert trial).European heart journal. Digital health · 2026Article
- How representative are electronic health records? A record linkage study using individual-level census data.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Pre-diagnostic biomarkers and risk of stress-related disorders: a cohort study based on electronic health records.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Comparative effectiveness of antidepressants for depression using EHRs from two health systems.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Using electronic health record data to identify incident uterine fibroids and endometriosis within a large, urban academic medical center: a validation study.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- A multidimensional hierarchical framework for sources of bias in real-world healthcare evidence: a scoping review.Journal of biomedical informatics · 2026Article
- Discrete Time Neural Network Models to Address Time-Varying Predictor Importance: An Illustration in Predicting Mortality Over Different Time Horizons.IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics · 2026Article
- ICYM... International Conference on Learning Representations · 2026Article
- Retrospective cohort study applying membership and utilisation criteria to electronic health records for diabetes incidence estimation in an integrated healthcare delivery system in Southern California.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Mapping risks of health conditions in people with atopic eczema in English primary care and hospital data.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Estimating the observability of an outcome from an electronic health record data set using external data.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Using mixture cure models to address algorithmic bias in diagnostic timing: autism as a test case.JAMIA open · 2025Article
- The Lifecycle of Electronic Health Record Data in HIV-Related Big Data Studies: Qualitative Study of Bias Instances and Potential Opportunities for Minimization.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- External validation of a proprietary risk model for 1-year mortality in community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2025Article
- The association between long-term exposure to PMChemosphere · 2025Article
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2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Electronic health record (EHR) data are becoming a primary resource for clinical research. Compared to traditional research data, such as those from clinical trials and epidemiologic cohorts, EHR data have a number of appealing characteristics. However, because they do not have mechanisms set in place to ensure that the appropriate data are collected, they also pose a number of analytic challenges. In this paper, we illustrate that how a patient interacts with a health system influences which data are recorded in the EHR. These interactions are typically informative, potentially resulting in bias. We term the overall set of induced biases
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.