ReviewFrontiers in public health2018
Synthetic and Non-synthetic Cannabinoid Drugs and Their Adverse Effects-A Review From Public Health Prospective.
Review in Frontiers in public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Proposing a "Brain Health Checkup (BHC)" as a Global Potential "Standard of Care" to Overcome Reward Dysregulation in Primary Care Medicine: Coupling Genetic Risk Testing and Induction of "Dopamine Homeostasis".International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Endocannabinoid System as a Promising Therapeutic Target in Inflammatory Bowel Disease - A Systematic Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Regulatory Policies for Alcohol, other Psychoactive Substances and Addictive Behaviours: The Role of Level of Use and Potency. A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- Assessment of drug harm by final-year medical students and ChatGPT - a comparative analysis.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence assisted behavioral profiling of synthetic cannabinoids in planarians.Forensic toxicology · 2026Article
- Trends in Hospital Admissions for Psychoactive Substance Intoxication Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults in Slovenia, 2013-2023.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists containing silicon: exploring the metabolic pathways of ADMB- and Cumyl-3TMS-PrINACA in human urine specimens and post mortem material compared to in vitro and in silico data.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- The Paradoxical Effect of Cannabis Use on Cognition in Chronic Psychotic Disorders.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026Article
- Breast milk Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in cannabis users during the postpartum period: correlation between breast milk, maternal urine and saliva samples during early lactation.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cannabinoids and ADHD: a New Frontier in Neuropharmacology?Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Review
- Synthetic cannabinoids in e-cigarettes seized from English schools.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Phytochemical profiling and in vitro biological activity evaluation of Lavandula angustifolia flower essential oil.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The resurgence of synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists as adulterants in the Era of Cannabis legalization: Lessons from prior epidemics and clinical implications.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025Review
- Detection and quantification of synthetic cannabinoids in seven illicitly sourced disposable vapes submitted by an individual presenting to a UK drug and alcohol service.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Clinical and Public Health Challenge of Handling Synthetic Cathinone and Cannabinoid Abuse in Pediatric Care: A Narrative Review.Pediatric reports · 2025Review
- Maternal ingestion of cannabidiol (CBD) in mice leads to sex-dependent changes in memory, anxiety, and metabolism in the adult offspring, and causes a decrease in survival to weaning age.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2025Article
- Identification of phase-I and phase-II metabolites and the metabolic pathway of the novel synthetic cannabinoid 5F-EDMB-PICA in vitro.Archives of toxicology · 2024Article
- Evidence for enduring cardiac and multiorgan toxicity after repeated exposure to the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 in male rats.Toxicology · 2024Article
- Reduced fetal cerebral blood flow predicts perinatal mortality in a mouse model of prenatal alcohol and cannabinoid exposure.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol for Pain Treatment-An Update on the Evidence.Biomedicines · 2024Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is a growing use of novel psychoactive substances containing synthetic cannabinoids. Synthetic cannabinoid products have effects similar to those of natural cannabis, yet, these drugs are more potent and dangerous, and have been associated with dangerous adverse effects. Here, we review current literature on the epidemiology, acute, and chronic effects of synthetic and natural cannabinoid-based drugs. Synthetic drugs contain a mixture of psychoactive compounds that mostly bind cannabinoid receptors with high potency. These synthetic drugs replicate the effects of natural cannabis and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol but they induce more severe adverse effects including respiratory difficulties, hypertension, tachycardia, chest pain, muscle twitches, acute renal failure, anxiety, agitation, psychosis, suicidal ideation, and cognitive impairment. Chronic use of synthetic cannabinoids has been associated with serious psychiatric and medical conditions and even death. Given the growing popularity in the use of cannabinoid-based drugs and their harmful potential, there is a need for further research in this field.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.