ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
Tuning the Cytokine Responses: An Update on Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 Receptor Complexes.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 389 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
389 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 660 citations in OpenAlex.
- Revisiting down syndrome through the lens of interferonopathy and innate immune dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Genetic and environmental risk factors of asthma: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Fire needling therapy for neurodermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Proteomic Profile After Intervention With Eplerenone Among Persons With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Single-cell transcriptomics reveals that human milk feeding shapes neonatal immune cell interleukin signaling pathways in a nonrandomized clinical trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Trial
- Dupilumab as an Adjunct to Oral Immunotherapy in Pediatric Patients With Peanut Allergy.Allergy · 2025Trial
- Integrative transcriptomic and machine learning analysis identifies candidate biomarkers and immune features in diabetic ulcers.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Emerging Paediatric Uses of Dupilumab Beyond Approvals.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Review
- Novel EG95-based mRNA vaccines induce long-term protective immunity against echinococcosis.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Diverging in Vivo Immune Response Patterns After Oral Food Challenge in Peanut Allergic Adults.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Article
- The HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor Fluvastatin Promotes Th2-Skewed Immune Responses by Modulating Dendritic Cell Differentiation.Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms · 2026Article
- Context-dependent promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by IL-13Rα2/STAT6 signaling in colorectal cancer.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
- A workflow to reduce red blood cell autofluorescence for imaging IL-4/IL-4R interactions in the inflamed lung.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Shared Mechanistic Pathways in Bullous Pemphigoid, Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria, Prurigo Nodularis, and Chronic Prurigo of Unknown Origin: Implications for Targeted Therapies.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- PatchEpi: patch-aware equivariant learning improves structure-based epitope prediction.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- The State of the Art in Chronic Prurigo Nodularis.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Review
- A Network Toxicology Framework for Identification of Immune System Disruption by Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Mixture: In Silico Analysis.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Article
- The dual balance of the cytokine network: key messengers of immune activation and triggers of cytokine storm.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Dietary Guinea hen weed (Petiveria alliacea) leaf meal improves growth performance, redox balance and inflammatory indices in rabbits raised under hot-humid tropical conditions.Scientific reports · 2026Article
329 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are related cytokines that regulate many aspects of allergic inflammation. They play important roles in regulating the responses of lymphocytes, myeloid cells, and non-hematopoietic cells. In T-cells, IL-4 induces the differentiation of naïve CD4 T cells into Th2 cells, in B cells, IL-4 drives the immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch to IgG1 and IgE, and in macrophages, IL-4 and IL-13 induce alternative macrophage activation. This review gives a short insight into the functional formation of these cytokine receptors. I will discuss both the binding kinetics of ligand/receptor interactions and the expression of the receptor chains for these cytokines in various cell types; both of which are crucial factors in explaining the efficiency by which these cytokines induce intracellular signaling and gene expression. Work initiated in part by William (Bill) E. Paul on IL-4 some 30 years ago has now grown into a major building block of our current understanding of basic immunology and the immune response. This knowledge on IL-4 has growing clinical importance, as therapeutic approaches targeting the cytokine and its signal transduction are becoming a part of the clinical practice in treating allergic diseases. Just by reading the reference list of this short review, one can appreciate the enormous input Bill has had on shaping our understanding of the pathophysiology of allergic inflammation and in particular the role of IL-4 in this process.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.