ArticleScientific reports2018
Approach-aversion in calves following injections.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Giant seminoma of the testis (2.51 kg) in a setting of severe occupational and lifestyle exposures: a case report and pathophysiological insights.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Effect of dairy calf rearing systems on affective states.Discover animals · 2026Review
- Calves disbudded with local nerve block and analgesic show conditioned place aversion two days later but not in the hours post-disbudding.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2026Article
- Effects of disbudding on behavior and heart rate during jugular venipuncture in dairy calves.JDS communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Pain pathophysiology and pharmacology of cattle: how improved understanding can enhance pain prevention, mitigation, and welfare.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Animal affect, welfare and the Bayesian brain.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2024Review
- Behavioral responses to artificial insemination and the effect of positive reinforcement training.PloS one · 2024Article
- Exploring the effect of pain on response to reward loss in calves.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Calves peak-end memory of pain.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The effect of early burn injury on sensitivity to future painful stimuli in dairy heifers.PloS one · 2020Article
- Calf aversion to hot-iron disbudding.Scientific reports · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We assessed aversion to injections using an avoidance-learning paradigm. Holstein calves (n = 24) were randomly assigned to one of four routes of administration for 0.5 ml of saline: intramuscular (IM), intranasal (IN), subcutaneous (SC) and a null control. Calves were first trained to approach a milk reward of 1 L. Once the latency to approach the reward was consistent, calves received their assigned treatment when approaching the bottle. For the first 3 treatment sessions calves received a 1 L milk reward. This reward was then reduced to 500 mL, and then to 250 mL, and finally to 0 mL, each for 3 sessions. Compared to control calves, calves receiving the intramuscular injections showed a longer latency to approach the milk reward, but only when the milk reward was 0.25 L (P = 0.05) and 0 L (P < 0.01). Calves receiving the intranasal injections showed longer latencies relative to the controls only for the 0 L reward (P = 0.01). Calves receiving the subcutaneous injections did not differ from controls for any of the milk rewards (P > 0.2). We conclude that IM injections are aversive and that SC and IN routes are a refinement to be considered when feasible.
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