ArticlePloS one2018
Genome wide analysis of TLR1/2- and TLR4-activated SZ95 sebocytes reveals a complex immune-competence and identifies serum amyloid A as a marker for activated sebaceous glands.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decoding Sebaceous Gland Biology Through Experimental Models: Progress, Limitations, and Future Directions.Cells · 2026Review
- The Association of Acne Vulgaris and Disease Severity With Serum Amyloid A1 and Insulin Levels.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Article
- Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Uncovers Immunological Phenotypes Predictive of Combinatorial Immunotherapy Response in Gastric Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Inhibitory Effect of a Novel Non-Steroidal AMPamide on Inflammation and Sebogenesis by Suppressing TLR4 and TLR6-Mediated Signaling Pathway.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2025Article
- The Sebaceous Gland: A Key Player in the Balance Between Homeostasis and Inflammatory Skin Diseases.Cells · 2025Review
- Minocycline inhibits rosacea-like inflammation through the TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.PloS one · 2025Article
- Spatial transcriptomics reveals altered lipid metabolism and inflammation-related gene expression of sebaceous glands in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein-1 is expressed and involved in the inflammatory response in human sebocytes.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2023Article
- Exploring the Pathogenesis and Mechanism-Targeted Treatments of Rosacea: Previous Understanding and Updates.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Article
- TREM2 macrophages induced by human lipids drive inflammation in acne lesions.Science immunology · 2022Article
- Dynamic Changes in the Gene Expression Patterns and Lipid Profiles in the Developing and Maturing Meibomian Glands.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The role of serum amyloid A1 in the adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells basing on single-cell RNA sequencing analysis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Article
- Characterization of aInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- A New Topical Candidate in Acne Treatment: Characterization of the Meclozine Hydrochloride as an Anti-Inflammatory Compound from In Vitro to a Preliminary Clinical Study.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Effects of Black Ginseng Water Extract under the Inflammatory Conditions of Cultured Sebocytes and Outer Root Sheath Cells.Annals of dermatology · 2022Article
- Uncovering potential single nucleotide polymorphisms, copy number variations and related signaling pathways in primary Sjogren's syndrome.Bioengineered · 2021Article
- miR-146a modulates TLR1/2 and 4 induced inflammation and links it with proliferation and lipid production via the indirect regulation of GNG7 in human SZ95 sebocytes.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Review
- Cutaneous and ocular rosacea: Common and specific physiopathogenic mechanisms and study models.Molecular vision · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 are active in sebaceous glands and play a central role in the development of acne. Still, there is only limited knowledge on their effect on sebocytes. In this work we performed global gene expression profile analysis with functional clustering of the differentially regulated genes of TLR1/2 (PAM3CSK4)- and TLR4 (lipopolysaccharide [LPS])-activated SZ95 sebocytes. Both TLR1/2- and 4-activation promoted inflammation in a similar manner already at an early time-point (6 hours), regulating genes involved in inflammation, wound healing and chemotaxis reflecting a more complex cytokine and chemokine regulation than previously known. Importantly, lipid metabolism, the primary feature of sebocytes, was affected at the level of gene expression only at a later time point (24 hours) indicating that sebocytes prioritize to exert a pro-inflammatory phenotype when confronted with a danger signal. Supporting the biological relevance of our results, a meta-analysis revealed that the genes showing the strongest up-regulation were also found up-regulated in acne. Of these genes, serum amyloid A 1/2 (SAA1/2) was confirmed to be a suitable protein marker for in vivo activated sebocytes, underlining their immune-competence, which is structurally defined within sebaceous glands of acne and rosacea skin samples. Altogether our findings demonstrate that sebocytes are not only positioned at the end point of inflammation but are actively involved in shaping the inflammatory response with putative diagnostic and therapeutic relevance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.