ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2018
Lead (Pb) Exposure Enhances Expression of Factors Associated with Inflammation.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 225 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toxic Metals and Non-Communicable Diseases in HIV Population: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Pooled it
- Toxic metal exposure as a possible risk factor for COVID-19 and other respiratory infectious diseases.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2020Pooled it
- Association of miRNA-31 & miRNA 192 with Nrf2/NF-κB Biomarkers in Occupational Lead Toxicity: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Lead Is Toxic to Neuronal Cells by Inducing Oxidative Stress and Activating Neuroinflammatory Pathways.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Oxidative Stress and Depression-Like Behavior Following Chronic Lead Exposure from Pregnancy to Adulthood.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Fenugreek Seed Powder Attenuates Lead-Induced Hepatic Injury and Renal Dysfunction in Male Mice Co-Exposed to Escalating Lead Doses.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Association between blood lead levels and body composition parameters in middle-aged pre- and postmenopausal women.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Eucalyptol alleviates lead-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and enhancing the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Differences in Scalp Hair Trace Element Concentrations in Patients with Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) Compared with Controls: A Hypothesis-Generating Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Global Burden of Lead Exposure: Integrating Epidemiology, Molecular Mechanisms, and Mitigation Approaches.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Lead-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Its Therapeutic Interventions: An Updated Review.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Disturbances in Mitochondrial Network, Biogenesis, and Mitochondria-Mediated Inflammatory Responses in Selected Brain Structures of Rats Exposed to Lead (Pb) During Prenatal and Neonatal Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the effects of exposure to heavy metals in rescue dogs and their role as environmental biomonitors after the Brumadinho disaster, Minas Gerais, Brazil.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- A Narrative Review of Metallomic Studies: Revealing the Toxic Metal Burden in Tobacco Smokers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Lead Exposure and Bladder Cancer: Molecular Insights from TCGA RNA-Seq and Toxicogenomic Integration.Cancers · 2025Article
- Lead Poisoning in the Americas: Sources, Regulations, Health Impacts, and Molecular Mechanisms.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- Upregulation of Caspase-3 and TNF-α in a rat model of cerebellar motor disorder: role of Cucumis sativus (cucumber).Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- Protective effects ofToxicology reports · 2025Article
- The role of the gut microbiome in the associations between lead exposure and child neurodevelopment.Toxicology letters · 2025Review
- The Relationship Between Metal Exposure and HPV Infection: Evidence from Explainable Machine Learning Methods.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human immune system is constantly exposed to xenobiotics and pathogens from the environment. Although the mechanisms underlying their influence have already been at least partially recognized, the effects of some factors, such as lead (Pb), still need to be clarified. The results of many studies indicate that Pb has a negative effect on the immune system, and in our review, we summarize the most recent evidence that Pb can promote inflammatory response. We also discuss possible molecular and biochemical mechanisms of its proinflammatory action, including the influence of Pb on cytokine metabolism (interleukins IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-1b, IL-6), interferon gamma (IFNγ), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α); the activity and expression of enzymes involved in the inflammatory process (cyclooxygenases); and the effect on selected acute phase proteins: C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin. We also discuss the influence of Pb on the immune system cells (T and B lymphocytes, macrophages, Langerhans cells) and the secretion of IgA, IgE, IgG, histamine, and endothelin.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.