ArticleEye & contact lens2018
Axial Elongation in Myopic Children and its Association With Myopia Progression in the Correction of Myopia Evaluation Trial.
Article in Eye & contact lens, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of exercise on myopia in children and adolescents and its modifying factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Myopia management algorithm. Annexe to the article titled Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute.European journal of ophthalmology · 2024Guideline
- Treatment effect of posterior scleral reinforcement on controlling myopia progression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Axial length targets for myopia control.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2021Trial
- Combination therapy for myopia control using defocus incorporated multiple segments spectacles in children refractory to higher-dose atropine.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- The effects of lutein, zeaxanthin and anthocyanins supplementation on visual function and vision protection in healthy school-aged children: a single-center prospective randomized controlled study.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2026Article
- Correlation between Baseline Axial Length and Myopia Progression Rate in Childhood.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2026Article
- Myopia Management Consensus Statement in South Korean Children 2025 by the Korean Myopia Society for the Korean Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2026Review
- Influence of Astigmatism Type on Myopia Progression Among Children Wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) Spectacle Lenses.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Identifying and Managing Pre-Myopia: A Narrative Review.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Spatial altitude factors on the association with myopia: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Analysis of ocular biometry in Korean using swept-source optical coherence tomography.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The prevalence and costs of optical correction for childhood myopia in Scotland.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Article
- Axial length as a function of age, sex, and ethnicity: Results from the CLEERE study.Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry · 2025Article
- Can fundus features tell us something about 3D eye shape?Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Article
- Axial elongation among Hong Kong myopic children and adolescents wearing single vision spectacles from a clinical setting.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of Wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments Spectacle Lenses for 12 Months on Accommodation and Binocular Functions in Myopic Children.Clinical optometry · 2025Article
- Early identification of the efficacy of 0.125% atropine treatment for children with Myopia: A prospective pilot study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesDescribe axial elongation using 14-year longitudinal data in a large, ethnically diverse group of myopic children, estimate age and axial length (AL) at stabilization, and evaluate associations between the progression and stabilization of AL and myopia.
methodsAxial length was measured by A-scan ultrasonography annually. Axial length data were fit with individual polynomial functions and curve-based parameters (AL at stabilization and age at stabilization when annual rate of axial elongation ≤0.06 mm) were estimated. For myopia progression, noncycloplegic spherical equivalent refractions were fit with Gompertz functions.
resultsFour hundred thirty-one participants, with AL and myopia data fit successfully, were classified into four cohorts: Younger (n=30); Older (n=334); AL Stabilized at Baseline (n=19); and AL Not Stabilized (n=48). At AL stabilization, for participants in the Younger and Older Cohorts, mean (SD) age and AL were 16.3 (2.4) years and 25.2 (0.9) mm, respectively. No associations were found between age at AL stabilization and ethnicity, sex, or number of myopic parents. At stabilization, sex and number of myopic parents (both P<0.003), but not ethnicity, were significantly associated with AL. Axial length and myopia progression curves were highly correlated overall (all r>0.77, P<0.0001). However, unlike AL, the amount of myopia did not differ significantly between males and females.
conclusionsIn most of the participants, AL increased rapidly at younger ages and then slowed and stabilized. The close association between growth and stabilization of AL and myopia is consistent with the suggestion that axial elongation is the primary ocular component in myopia progression and stabilization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.